Department of Pathology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.
Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Houston, TX.
Adv Anat Pathol. 2021 May 1;28(3):119-138. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000293.
Bone tumors are a rare and heterogeneous group of neoplasms that occur in the bone. The diversity and considerable morphologic overlap of bone tumors with other mesenchymal and nonmesenchymal bone lesions can complicate diagnosis. Accurate histologic diagnosis is crucial for appropriate management and prognostication. Since the publication of the fourth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone in 2013, significant advances have been made in our understanding of bone tumor molecular biology, classification, prognostication, and treatment. Detection of tumor-specific molecular alterations can facilitate the accurate diagnosis of histologically challenging cases. The fifth edition of the 2020 WHO classification of tumors of soft tissue and bone tumors provides an updated classification scheme and essential diagnostic criteria for bone tumors. Herein, we summarize these updates, focusing on major changes in each category of bone tumor, the newly described tumor entities and subtypes of existing tumor types, and newly described molecular and genetic data.
骨肿瘤是一组罕见且异质性的肿瘤，发生在骨中。骨肿瘤与其他间充质和非间充质骨病变的多样性和相当大的形态重叠可能使诊断变得复杂。准确的组织学诊断对于适当的管理和预后至关重要。自 2013 年发布第四版世界卫生组织（WHO）软组织和骨肿瘤分类以来，我们对骨肿瘤的分子生物学、分类、预后和治疗有了更深入的了解。检测肿瘤特异性分子改变有助于准确诊断组织学上具有挑战性的病例。2020 年第五版 WHO 软组织和骨肿瘤分类为骨肿瘤提供了一个更新的分类方案和基本的诊断标准。在此，我们总结了这些更新，重点介绍了每个骨肿瘤类别中的主要变化、新描述的肿瘤实体以及现有肿瘤类型的亚型，以及新描述的分子和遗传数据。
