Gabovich Alexander M, Li Mai Suan, Szymczak Henryk, Voitenko Alexander I
Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 46 Nauky Ave., Kyiv 03028, Ukraine.
Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 32/46 Al. Lotników, Warsaw PL-02-668, Poland.
J Chem Phys. 2020 Mar 7;152(9):094705. doi: 10.1063/1.5142280.
General exact analytical expressions have been derived for the image force energy W(Z, φ) of a point dipole in a classical three-layer system composed of dispersionless media with arbitrary constant dielectric permittivities ε. Here, i = 1-3 is the layer number, and Z and φ are the dipole coordinate and orientation angle, respectively. It was found that the long-range asymptotics W(Z→∞,φ) in both covers (i = 1, 3) are reached unexpectedly far from the interlayer (i = 2). Another specific feature of the solution consists in that the interference of the fields created by polarization charges emerging at both interfaces leads to the appearance of a constant contribution inside the interlayer with a non-standard dependence on the dipole orientation angle φ. It was shown that by changing the dielectric constants of the structure components, one can realize two peculiar regimes of the W(Z, φ) behavior in the covers; namely, there arises either a potential barrier preventing adsorption or a well far from the interface, both being of a totally electrostatic origin, i.e., without involving the Pauli exchange repulsion, which is taken into account in the conventional theories of physical adsorption. The results obtained provide a fresh insight into the physics of adsorption in physical electronics, chemical physics, and electrochemistry.
对于由具有任意恒定介电常数ε的无色散介质组成的经典三层系统中，点偶极子的镜像力能量W(Z, φ)，已经推导出了一般精确的解析表达式。这里，i = 1 - 3是层数，Z和φ分别是偶极子坐标和取向角。研究发现，在两个覆盖层（i = 1, 3）中，远程渐近式W(Z→∞,φ)在离中间层（i = 2）出乎意料远的地方就达到了。该解的另一个特点在于，在两个界面处出现的极化电荷所产生的场的干涉，导致在中间层内部出现一个常数贡献，且该贡献对偶极子取向角φ具有非标准依赖性。结果表明，通过改变结构组分的介电常数，可以在覆盖层中实现W(Z, φ)行为的两种特殊模式；即，要么出现阻止吸附的势垒，要么出现远离界面的势阱，二者均完全源于静电，即不涉及传统物理吸附理论中所考虑的泡利交换排斥。所得结果为物理电子学、化学物理学和电化学中的吸附物理提供了新的见解。
