用于可穿戴应用的展开式纺织气动致动器。
Unfolding Textile-Based Pneumatic Actuators for Wearable Applications.
机构信息
John A Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Design, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
出版信息
Soft Robot. 2022 Feb;9(1):163-172. doi: 10.1089/soro.2020.0064. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
Textile based pneumatic actuators have recently seen increased development for use in wearable applications thanks to their high strength to weight ratio and range of achievable actuation modalities. However, the design of these textile-based actuators is typically an iterative process due to the complexity of predicting the soft and compliant behavior of the textiles. In this work we investigate the actuation mechanics of a range of physical prototypes of unfolding textile-based actuators to understand and develop an intuition for how the geometric parameters of the actuator affect the moment it generates, enabling more deterministic designs in the future. Under benchtop conditions the actuators were characterized at a range of actuator angles and pressures (0 - 136 kPa), and three distinct performance regimes were observed, which we define as Shearing, Creasing, and Flattening. During Flattening, the effects of both the length and radius of the actuator dominate with maximum moments in excess of 80 Nm being generated, while during Creasing the radius dominates with generated moments scaling with the cube of the radius. Low stiffness spring like behavior is observed in the Shearing regime, which occurs as the actuator approaches its unfolded angle. A piecewise analytical model was also developed and compared to the experimental results within each regime. Finally, a prototype actuator was also integrated into a shoulder assisting wearable robot, and on-body characterization of this robot was performed on five healthy individuals to observe the behavior of the actuators in a wearable application. Results from this characterization highlight that these actuators can generate useful on-body moments (10.74 Nm at 90° actuator angle) but that there are significant reductions compared to bench-top performance, in particular when mostly folded and at higher pressures.
纺织气动致动器由于其高强度重量比和可实现的致动方式范围,最近在可穿戴应用中得到了越来越多的发展。然而,由于预测纺织品的柔软和柔顺行为的复杂性,这些基于纺织的致动器的设计通常是一个迭代过程。在这项工作中,我们研究了一系列展开式基于纺织的致动器的物理原型的致动机制,以了解和发展对致动器几何参数如何影响其产生的力矩的直觉,从而能够在未来进行更确定性的设计。在台式条件下,致动器在一系列致动器角度和压力(0-136kPa)下进行了特性测试,观察到了三种不同的性能状态,我们将其定义为剪切、起皱和压平。在压平时,致动器的长度和半径的影响都很显著,产生的最大力矩超过 80Nm,而在起皱时,半径的影响占主导地位,产生的力矩与半径的立方成正比。在剪切状态下观察到类似于低刚度弹簧的行为,这是当致动器接近其展开角度时发生的。还开发了一个分段分析模型,并与每个状态下的实验结果进行了比较。最后,还将一个原型致动器集成到了一个肩部辅助可穿戴机器人中,并对五名健康个体进行了机器人的体上特性测试,以观察在可穿戴应用中致动器的行为。这些特性测试的结果表明,这些致动器可以产生有用的体上力矩(在 90°致动器角度下为 10.74Nm),但与台式性能相比有显著降低,特别是在大部分折叠和较高压力下。