Bliah Ouriel, Hegde Chidanand, Tan Joel Ming Rui, Magdassi Shlomo
Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, and Center for Nanotechnology and Nanoscience Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
Chem Rev. 2025 Aug 27;125(16):7275-7320. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00749. Epub 2025 Aug 11.
Soft robotics is a rapidly evolving field that leverages the unique properties of compliant, flexible materials to create robots that are capable of complex and adaptive behaviors. Unlike traditional rigid robots, soft robots rely on the properties of soft materials, which enable them to safely interact with humans, manipulate delicate objects, and perform various locomotion processes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the development process of soft robots by additive manufacturing with a particular focus on the chemical aspects of the materials involved. The types of materials used in soft robotics, highlighting their properties, applications, and the role of their chemical composition in performance, are presented. The review then explores fabrication methods, detailing their chemical underpinnings, advantages, and limitations, followed by presenting common design methods used to optimize soft robots. Finally, the review discusses the diverse applications of soft robots across various domains, including medical, locomotion, manipulation, and wearable devices. By covering every stage of the additive manufactured soft robot, from material selection to application, this review aims to offer a deep and comprehensive understanding of this field.
软体机器人技术是一个快速发展的领域，它利用柔顺、灵活材料的独特特性来制造能够执行复杂和适应性行为的机器人。与传统的刚性机器人不同，软体机器人依赖于软材料的特性，这使它们能够与人类安全互动、操作易碎物品并执行各种运动过程。本综述全面概述了通过增材制造的软体机器人的开发过程，特别关注所涉及材料的化学方面。介绍了软体机器人技术中使用的材料类型，突出了它们的特性、应用以及化学成分在性能中的作用。然后，本综述探讨了制造方法，详细阐述了它们的化学基础、优点和局限性，接着介绍了用于优化软体机器人的常见设计方法。最后，本综述讨论了软体机器人在各个领域的多样化应用，包括医疗、运动、操作和可穿戴设备。通过涵盖增材制造软体机器人从材料选择到应用的每个阶段，本综述旨在提供对该领域深入而全面的理解。
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