MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Primary Care Unit, Institute of Public Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Appetite. 2021 Jun 1;161:105124. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105124. Epub 2021 Jan 19.
Appetitive traits influence food intake and weight gain throughout the life-course. Here, we investigated whether maternal attitudes to following healthy infant feeding guidelines could modify this association. Baseline data from 544 mother-infant formula-feeding dyads recruited to the Baby Milk Trial were included in this observational, cross-sectional analysis. Infant appetitive traits (food responsiveness and satiety responsiveness), maternal attitudes to following healthy infant feeding guidelines (self-efficacy, outcome-expectancy, intentions) and infant milk intakes were reported by mothers through questionnaires. Infant weight was measured using standard procedures. Associations between the maternal attitudes score or infant appetitive traits with infant milk intake and infant weight were evaluated in linear regression models adjusted for infant sex and age. To identify effect modification, the interaction term between the maternal attitudes score and infant appetitive trait was added to the model. Infants' mean age and weight were 2.3 months (SD = 0.9) and 5.5 kg (SD = 0.9), respectively. The mean daily infant milk intake reported by mothers was 895 ml/day (SD = 215). Higher maternal attitudes score was associated with lower infant milk intake (Beta = -68.4 ml/day/unit (95% CI: 96.6, -40.2)) and infant weight (Beta = -0.13 SD/unit (-0.25, -0.02)). The maternal attitudes score showed interactions with infant food responsiveness on infant milk intake (p = 0.049), and with infant satiety responsiveness on infant weight (p = 0.01). In both cases, a higher maternal attitudes score attenuated the associations between infant appetitive traits and those outcomes. This analysis provides evidence that positive maternal attitudes to following healthy infant feeding guidelines attenuate the effects of infant appetitive traits on infant milk intake and body weight.
食欲特质会影响整个生命过程中的食物摄入和体重增加。在这里，我们研究了母亲对遵循健康婴儿喂养指南的态度是否会改变这种关联。这项观察性横断面分析纳入了婴儿牛奶试验中招募的 544 对母乳喂养的母婴。通过问卷，母亲报告了婴儿的食欲特质（食物反应性和饱腹感反应性）、母亲对遵循健康婴儿喂养指南的态度（自我效能感、结果预期、意图）和婴儿的牛奶摄入量。婴儿体重采用标准程序进行测量。在调整婴儿性别和年龄的线性回归模型中，评估了母亲态度评分或婴儿食欲特质与婴儿牛奶摄入量和婴儿体重之间的关联。为了识别效应修饰，将母亲态度评分与婴儿食欲特质的交互项添加到模型中。婴儿的平均年龄和体重分别为 2.3 个月（SD=0.9）和 5.5 公斤（SD=0.9）。母亲报告的婴儿平均每日牛奶摄入量为 895 毫升/天（SD=215）。母亲态度评分越高，婴儿牛奶摄入量越低（β=-68.4 毫升/天/单位（95%CI：96.6，-40.2）），婴儿体重越低（β=-0.13 标准差/单位（-0.25，-0.02））。母亲态度评分与婴儿食物反应性对婴儿牛奶摄入量（p=0.049），以及与婴儿饱腹感反应性对婴儿体重（p=0.01）存在交互作用。在这两种情况下，较高的母亲态度评分均减弱了婴儿食欲特质与这些结果之间的关联。这项分析提供了证据表明，母亲对遵循健康婴儿喂养指南的积极态度会减弱婴儿食欲特质对婴儿牛奶摄入量和体重的影响。
