评估喀麦隆西部地区 Bamendjou 和 Foumbot 区医院成年患者的疟疾预防措施。
Evaluation of malaria preventive measures among adult patients attending the Bamendjou and Foumbot district hospitals of the West Region of Cameroon.
机构信息
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, The University of Bamenda, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bambili, P.O Box 39, Bamenda, North West Region, Cameroon.
出版信息
Malar J. 2021 Jan 22;20(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s12936-021-03592-7.
BACKGROUND
Although a significant decrease in entomological and epidemiological indicators was reported in Cameroon since the introduction of insecticide-treated bed nets, malaria prevalence remains high also in some parts of the West Region of Cameroon. This study was designed to evaluate malaria preventive measures among patients attending the Bamendjou and Foumbot District hospitals of the West Region of Cameroon.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study carried out within a period of 3 months, from January to March 2020. Data was obtained using a structured questionnaire and laboratory analysis. The CareStart™ Pf Malaria HRP2 qualitative rapid diagnostic test was used for malaria diagnosis. The questionnaire was designed to collect information on respondent's socio-demographic characteristics, and the use of malaria preventive measures. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and Chi-square (and Fisher's exact) test.
RESULTS
A total of 170 study participants were recruited in Foumbot and 197 in Bamendjou. Malaria was significantly (P < 0.0001) more prevalent in Foumbot (47.06%) than in Bamendjou (19.8%). In Foumbot, non-use of insect repellent spray (P = 0.0214), insect repellent body cream (P = 0.0009), mosquito spray (P = 0.0001) and not draining stagnant water (P = 0.0004) predisposed to higher risk of malaria. In Bamendjou, non-use of insect repellent spray (P = 0.0012), long-lasting insecticidal bed nets (P = 0.0001), window and door nets (P = 0.0286), predisposed to a higher risk of malaria.
CONCLUSIONS
Malaria prevalence was high among the study participants especially in Foumbot. An adequate follow-up to ensure effective execution of the recently launched third phase of LLINs distribution campaign in Cameroon is recommended. Additionally, integrated vector management is required to ensure effective control of malaria transmission in Foumbot and Bamendjou.
背景
尽管自引入经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐以来，喀麦隆的昆虫学和流行病学指标显著下降，但疟疾的流行率在喀麦隆西部地区的某些地区仍然很高。本研究旨在评估喀麦隆西部地区班恩德久和丰博特区医院就诊患者的疟疾预防措施。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，于 2020 年 1 月至 3 月期间进行。数据通过结构化问卷和实验室分析获得。使用 CareStart™Pf 疟疾 HRP2 定性快速诊断检测进行疟疾诊断。问卷旨在收集受访者的社会人口统计学特征以及疟疾预防措施使用情况的信息。使用描述性统计、回归分析和卡方（和 Fisher 精确）检验对数据进行分析。
结果
共招募了丰博特 170 名研究参与者和班恩德久 197 名参与者。丰博特的疟疾发病率显著（P<0.0001）高于班恩德久（47.06%比 19.8%）。在丰博特，不使用驱虫喷雾（P=0.0214）、驱虫身体霜（P=0.0009）、驱蚊喷雾（P=0.0001）和不排干死水（P=0.0004）会增加疟疾的风险。在班恩德久，不使用驱虫喷雾（P=0.0012）、长效驱虫蚊帐（P=0.0001）、窗纱和门帘（P=0.0286）会增加疟疾的风险。
结论
研究参与者的疟疾发病率很高，尤其是在丰博特。建议对最近在喀麦隆启动的第三阶段长效驱虫蚊帐分发运动进行充分跟踪，以确保有效实施。此外，需要综合的病媒管理，以确保在丰博特和班恩德久有效控制疟疾传播。
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