Federal University of Paraíba, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
Federal University of Paraíba, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 58051-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 15;769:144889. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144889. Epub 2021 Jan 14.
The coastal area of João Pessoa city, Paraíba, Brazil, is densely populated and has a large flow of trade and services. More recently, this region has been suffering from the advance of the sea, which has caused changes in the shoreline and caused a decrease in the beach area and damage to various urban facilities. Thus, the spatiotemporal changes of the short- and long-term characteristics of the shoreline of João Pessoa city over the past 34 years (1985-2019) were calculated and the forcing mechanisms responsible for the shoreline changes were analyzed. Remote sensing data (Landsat 5-TM and 8-OLI) and statistical techniques, such as endpoint rate (EPR), linear regression rate (LRR) and weighted linear regression (WLR), using Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS), were used. In this study, 351 transects ranging from ~1.1 km to ~6 km were analyzed within four zones (Zones I to IV), and the main controlling factors that influence the shoreline changes in these zones, such as sea level, tidal range, wave height, beach morphology and ocean currents, were discussed. The long-term change from 1985 to 2019 showed primarily accretion on the shoreline of João Pessoa city, with the rate of 0.55 m/year (WLR method); 282 transects showed accretion. The results showed that Zone-I, which was located in the south of the study area, was the only zone that primarily recorded erosion from 1985 to 2019, with a mean rate of -0.23 m/year according to the WLR method. According to the short-term shoreline change analysis, a cyclical pattern of erosion was observed in the 1985-1990, 1993-1999, 2005-2011 and 2014-2019 periods, and accretion was observed in the 1990-1993, 1999-2005 and 2011-2014 periods. It was inferred that the patterns of all analyzed zones were similar, i.e., when majority accretion was detected within a zone, the other zones also recorded accretion, except for during the period from 2014 to 2019, when Zone-I showed different behavior. Finally, the long- and short-term analyses showed that the coastal area of João Pessoa city is influenced by various forcing mechanism responsible for the shoreline changes.
巴西帕拉伊巴州若昂佩索阿市的沿海地区人口密集，贸易和服务业发达。最近，该地区受到了海洋的侵蚀，导致了海岸线的变化，海滩面积减少，并对各种城市设施造成了破坏。因此，本研究计算了过去 34 年（1985-2019 年）若昂佩索阿市海岸线的短期和长期特征的时空变化，并分析了导致海岸线变化的强迫机制。本研究使用了遥感数据（Landsat 5-TM 和 8-OLI）和统计技术，如终点速率（EPR）、线性回归速率（LRR）和加权线性回归（WLR），并使用数字海岸线分析系统（DSAS）来分析。在这项研究中，在四个区域（区域 I 到 IV）内分析了 351 条从约 1.1 公里到 6 公里不等的横切剖面，讨论了影响这些区域海岸线变化的主要控制因素，如海平面、潮差、波高、海滩形态和海流。从 1985 年到 2019 年的长期变化主要表现为若昂佩索阿市海岸线的淤积，年淤积率为 0.55 米（WLR 法）；282 条横切剖面显示淤积。结果表明，位于研究区南部的区域 I 是唯一一个从 1985 年到 2019 年主要记录侵蚀的区域，根据 WLR 法，平均侵蚀率为-0.23 米/年。根据短期海岸线变化分析，在 1985-1990 年、1993-1999 年、2005-2011 年和 2014-2019 年期间观察到侵蚀的周期性模式，在 1990-1993 年、1999-2005 年和 2011-2014 年期间观察到淤积。据推断，所有分析区域的模式都相似，即在一个区域内检测到大部分淤积时，其他区域也记录到淤积，除了 2014 年至 2019 年期间，区域 I 表现出不同的行为。最后，长期和短期分析表明，若昂佩索阿市的沿海地区受到各种导致海岸线变化的强迫机制的影响。
