Lin Qiuzhen, Zuo Wanyun, Liu Yaozhong, Wu Keke, Liu Qiming
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, PR China; Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, PR China; Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, PR China; Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha Hunan 410011, PR China.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, PR China; Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, PR China; Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, PR China; Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha Hunan 410011, PR China.
Clin Chim Acta. 2021 Apr;515:104-110. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.01.012. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) plays pivotal roles in controlling many biochemical processes. 'NAD' refers to the chemical backbone irrespective of charge, whereas 'NAD' and 'NADH' refers to oxidized and reduced forms, respectively. NAD/NADH ratio is essential for maintaining cellular reduction-oxidation (redox) homeostasis and for modulating energy metabolism. As a sensing or consuming enzyme of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), the cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) synthases (CD38 and CD157), and sirtuin protein deacetylases (sirtuins, SIRTs), NAD participates in several key processes in cardiovascular disease. For example, NAD protects against metabolic syndrome, heart failure, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, arrhythmia and hypertension. Accordingly, the subsequent loss of NAD in aging or during stress results in altered metabolic status and potentially increased disease susceptibility. Therefore, it is essential to maintain NAD or reduce loss in the heart. This review focuses on the involvement of NAD in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease and explores the effects of NAD boosting strategies in cardiovascular health.
烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）在控制许多生物化学过程中起着关键作用。“NAD”指的是化学主链，不考虑电荷，而“NAD⁺”和“NADH”分别指氧化形式和还原形式。NAD⁺/NADH比值对于维持细胞氧化还原稳态和调节能量代谢至关重要。作为聚（ADP - 核糖）聚合酶1（PARP1）、环磷酸腺苷核糖（cADPR）合酶（CD38和CD157）以及沉默调节蛋白去乙酰化酶（沉默调节蛋白，SIRTs）的传感或消耗酶，NAD参与心血管疾病的几个关键过程。例如，NAD可预防代谢综合征、心力衰竭、缺血再灌注（IR）损伤、心律失常和高血压。因此，在衰老或应激期间NAD随后的损失会导致代谢状态改变，并可能增加疾病易感性。所以，维持心脏中的NAD或减少其损失至关重要。本综述重点关注NAD在心血管疾病发病机制中的作用，并探讨提高NAD水平的策略对心血管健康的影响。
