Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021 Feb;41:249-253. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.12.005. Epub 2021 Jan 2.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Increasing the prevalence of overweight and obesity is one of the main concerns of health systems of the world. This research was conducted to estimate the prevalence of overweight/obesity and its related factors in the Eastern part of Iran.
An analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted among 1048 inhabitants aged between 15 and 64 years who lived in Gonabad and Bajestan, two districts locating in the East of Iran, in 2016. A probability proportional to size stratified sampling was used to select the participants. We applied a checklist to collect the required data. Analyzing the data, we used t-test, χ2, and ANOVA. A significant level of 0.05 was considered in this study.
Total prevalence of overweight/obesity was 43.8%. There were significant associations between overweight/obesity and age (P < 0.001), sex (P = 0.008 in Gonabad, P = 0.004 in Bajestan), marital status (P < 0.001, in Gonabad, P = 0.001 in Bajestan), and job (P < 0.001). There was also a discrepancy between the participants' self-perception of weight and their real weight status.
The findings of the present study showed a high prevalence of overweight/obesity among women, government employees, and married individuals. Therefore, focusing on these groups in implementing weight control interventions is recommended. According to the high prevalence of obesity in housewives as well as the role of women to control the normal weight of their family members via providing healthy food, it seems that one of the most effective groups in the programs would be housewives. Besides, strengthening health literacy is recommended to eliminate self-weight misperception.
超重和肥胖的患病率不断增加是世界卫生系统面临的主要问题之一。本研究旨在评估伊朗东部超重/肥胖的流行情况及其相关因素。
2016 年，我们在伊朗东部的 Gonabad 和 Bajestan 两个地区进行了一项分析性、横断面研究，共纳入了 1048 名年龄在 15 至 64 岁之间的居民。采用按比例概率大小分层抽样法选择参与者。我们使用检查表收集所需数据。分析数据时，我们使用了 t 检验、卡方检验和方差分析。本研究采用了 0.05 的显著性水平。
超重/肥胖的总患病率为 43.8%。超重/肥胖与年龄（P<0.001）、性别（Gonabad 地区 P=0.008，Bajestan 地区 P=0.004）、婚姻状况（P<0.001，Gonabad 地区；P=0.001，Bajestan 地区）和职业（P<0.001）之间存在显著关联。此外，参与者对自己体重的认知与实际体重状况存在差异。
本研究结果表明，女性、政府雇员和已婚人群超重/肥胖的患病率较高。因此，建议在实施体重控制干预措施时，重点关注这些人群。鉴于家庭主妇肥胖率较高，以及女性通过提供健康饮食来控制家庭成员正常体重的作用，家庭主妇似乎是这些项目中最有效的人群之一。此外，建议提高健康素养，以消除自我体重认知偏差。
