Department of Clinical Nutrition, Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, 04012-090, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Research Institute - Hospital do Coração, 04005-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021 Feb;41:351-359. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.11.002. Epub 2020 Nov 26.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Diet is a modifiable risk factor, which may influence the gene expression and the concentration of inflammatory biomarkers related to obesity and atherosclerosis. In this substudy from Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program, we hypothesized that a nutritional intervention based on the usual Brazilian diet modulates the expression of genes involved with atherosclerosis and inflammatory biomarkers in male patients, in the secondary prevention for cardiovascular disease.
Six male patients, aged 45 years or older, obese, were selected to follow a qualitative-quantitative food plan for 6 months. Glycemia, insulinemia, lipid profile, plasma concentration of inflammatory biomarkers (interleukin (IL) -1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor alpha, C-reactive protein and adiponectin, and expression of 84 atherosclerosis-related genes in total peripheral blood cells, were measured.
After nutritional intervention, the participants reduced weight (p < 0.04), waist circumference (p < 0.04), Homeostasis Model Assessment index for insulin resistance (p = 0.046) and overall leukocyte count (p = 0.046) and neutrophils (p = 0.028). There was no significant modification in the plasma concentration of the inflammatory biomarkers, however, there was a significant increase in the expression of Apo A1 (p = 0.011), ELN (p = 0.017) and IL4 (p = 0.037) genes.
The BALANCE Program, the qualitative-quantitative food plan composed of Brazilian usual foods, did not reduce the concentration of inflammatory biomarkers, but increased in total peripheral blood cells the expression of genes involved in reducing the risk of cardiometabolic in obese patients, in secondary prevention for cardiovascular disease. The clinical trial is registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ and the unique identifier is NCT01620398.
饮食是一种可改变的风险因素，可能影响与肥胖和动脉粥样硬化相关的基因表达和炎症生物标志物的浓度。在巴西心脏保护营养（BALANCE）计划的这项子研究中，我们假设基于巴西常规饮食的营养干预可以调节男性患者中与动脉粥样硬化和炎症生物标志物相关的基因表达，这些患者处于心血管疾病的二级预防中。
选择 6 名年龄在 45 岁或以上、肥胖的男性患者，遵循定性定量的食物计划 6 个月。测量血糖、胰岛素、血脂谱、炎症生物标志物（白细胞介素 (IL) -1β）、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12、肿瘤坏死因子-α、C 反应蛋白和脂联素的血浆浓度，以及总外周血单个核细胞中 84 个动脉粥样硬化相关基因的表达。
营养干预后，参与者的体重（p < 0.04）、腰围（p < 0.04）、胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估指数（p = 0.046）和总白细胞计数（p = 0.046）和中性粒细胞（p = 0.028）均降低。炎症生物标志物的血浆浓度没有显著改变，但 Apo A1（p = 0.011）、ELN（p = 0.017）和 IL4（p = 0.037）基因的表达显著增加。
BALANCE 计划，由巴西常规食物组成的定性定量食物计划，并未降低炎症生物标志物的浓度，但增加了肥胖患者外周血总细胞中与降低心血管代谢风险相关的基因表达，处于心血管疾病的二级预防中。临床试验在 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ 注册，唯一标识符为 NCT01620398。
