理解食物荒漠中餐馆的健康状况。

Understanding Restaurant Healthfulness in Food Deserts.

机构信息

Department of Hospitality Management, College of Education, Health, and Human Services, Kent State University, Kent, OH.

Department of Nutrition, College of Education, Health, and Human Services, Kent State University, Kent, OH.

出版信息

J Nutr Educ Behav. 2021 Jun;53(6):511-516. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.12.002. Epub 2021 Jan 21.

DOI:10.1016/j.jneb.2020.12.002

PMID:33487567

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To determine differences in restaurant environments between neighborhood and restaurant type to understand better a food desert's eating environments.

METHODS

The Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for restaurants was used to assess restaurant healthfulness. Kruskal-Wallis compared healthy index scores, and Pearson chi-square compared individual items.

RESULTS

Healthy index scores were consistently low across neighborhoods (total mean = 4.6 out of 23). Fast-food restaurants (mean = 5.7) were more healthful than sit-down restaurants (mean = 3.1). Individual comparisons showed more healthy eating facilitators (eg, nutrition information at point-of-purchase, P = 0.004) in food deserts and more available healthful items (eg, whole grain bread, P < 0.001) in the neighborhoods with high incomes.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS

Findings indicate equities in restaurant environments across all neighborhoods but inequities across restaurant types, thus conclude the importance of restaurant type in understanding restaurant healthfulness. Policymakers can use these findings to develop healthy eating strategies in varying neighborhoods.

摘要

目的

确定邻里环境和餐厅类型之间的餐厅环境差异，以便更好地了解食物荒漠的饮食环境。

方法

使用餐厅营养环境测量工具评估餐厅的健康程度。采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验比较健康指数得分，采用 Pearson 卡方检验比较各个项目。

结果

各邻里的健康指数得分普遍较低（总分平均为 23 分中的 4.6 分）。快餐店（平均得分为 5.7）比坐式餐厅（平均得分为 3.1）更健康。个别比较显示，在食物荒漠中，有更多的促进健康饮食的因素（例如，购买点的营养信息，P=0.004），而在高收入的邻里中，有更多的健康食品（例如，全麦面包，P<0.001）。