Dumith Samuel Carvalho, Meneghini Kevin Francisco Durigon, Demenech Lauro Miranda
Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil.
Prev Med Rep. 2020 Dec 29;21:101288. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101288. eCollection 2021 Mar.
This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with poorer sleep quality. It consisted of a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in Southern Brazil with individuals aged 18 years or older. Participants were selected through a two-stage random sampling strategy and data collection was conducted in 2016. The outcome was self-perceived quality of sleep. Questions regarding the number of hours of sleep and the use of medicines to sleep each week were also asked. Demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and health conditions were collected through questionnaire. The study sample was composed of 1,300 individuals whose mean age was 46.1 years (SD = 17.3). The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 10.7% (95% CI 9.3% to 12.1%). The poorer the quality of sleep was, the higher the prevalence of the use of medicines to sleep (22.3% versus 10.0% in the overall sample; p < 0.001) and the lower the average amount of daily sleep (6.0 h/day versus 7.3 h/day in the overall sample; p < 0.001). Groups with the worst quality of sleep, in the adjusted analyses, were female (p = 0.012), younger (18 to 39 years versus 60 years or more) (p = 0.048), with poorer perceived diet (p < 0.001), most stressed (p < 0.001), with chronic back pain (p = 0.002), with chronic respiratory disease (p = 0.012), with worse quality of life (p = 0.018) and depression (p = 0.034). Concluding, one out of ten individuals reported poor sleep quality. The results suggest that lifestyle changes could improve the quality of sleep.
本研究旨在调查与睡眠质量较差相关的因素。它是在巴西南部对18岁及以上人群进行的一项基于人群的横断面研究。参与者通过两阶段随机抽样策略选取，数据收集于2016年进行。结果是自我感知的睡眠质量。还询问了有关每周睡眠时间和助眠药物使用情况的问题。通过问卷调查收集人口统计学、社会经济、行为和健康状况信息。研究样本由1300名个体组成，平均年龄为46.1岁（标准差=17.3）。睡眠质量差的患病率为10.7%（95%置信区间为9.3%至12.1%）。睡眠质量越差，使用助眠药物的患病率越高（总体样本中分别为22.3%和10.0%；p<0.001），每日平均睡眠时间越低（总体样本中分别为6.0小时/天和7.3小时/天；p<0.001）。在调整分析中，睡眠质量最差的组为女性（p=0.012）、较年轻者（18至39岁与60岁及以上相比）（p=0.048）、饮食感知较差者（p<0.001）、压力最大者（p<0.001）、患有慢性背痛者（p=0.002）、患有慢性呼吸道疾病者（p=0.012）、生活质量较差者（p=0.018）和患有抑郁症者（p=0.034）。总之，十分之一的个体报告睡眠质量差。结果表明，生活方式的改变可能会改善睡眠质量。
