Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, South West Region, Cameroon.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, P. O. Box, 63 Buea, South West Region, Cameroon.
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Oct 31;2020:2176569. doi: 10.1155/2020/2176569. eCollection 2020.
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common pediatric infections and if not promptly diagnosed and treated, it could cause long term complications. Worldwide and in Cameroon, little attention has been paid to this growing problem in the pediatric population. Identification of risk factors will contribute significantly to prevention. A cross-sectional case-control study was carried out in children ≤ 15 years to identify the risk factors of UTI, etiologic agents, and their antibiotic susceptibility. Samples (urine) were collected from in and outpatients with symptoms of UTI attending two health facilities in Buea. Controls were age- and sex-matched children in the community and those visiting these health facilities for unrelated reasons. Samples were analyzed by microscopy, culture, and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolates tested by the disc diffusion technique. Questionnaires were administered to collect sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and data on risk factors. Odds ratios and bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the relationship between predictors (symptoms and risk factors) and UTI. < 0.05 was considered significant. A total of 405 participants (200 cases and 205 controls) were investigated. UTI prevalence was 12% in cases. From the UTI cases, bacteria was the major cause of infection, with (39.4%) predominating. Parasitic organisms, (0.5%) and (0.5%), and yeast (6%) were also detected. Urinary urgency ( = 4.98, = 0.027) and back pain ( = 12.37, = 0.001) were associated to UTI following bivariate analysis. These parameters could be used to predict UTI in the pediatric population in the study area. Third generation cephalosporins: ceftriaxone (90.1%) and cefadroxil (85.4%) were the most effective and thus recommended for treatment.
尿路感染（UTI）是最常见的儿科感染之一，如果不能及时诊断和治疗，可能会导致长期并发症。在全球和喀麦隆，小儿人群中这一日益严重的问题几乎没有得到关注。确定危险因素将对预防工作有重大贡献。在 ≤ 15 岁的儿童中进行了一项横断面病例对照研究，以确定 UTI 的危险因素、病原体及其抗生素敏感性。从有 UTI 症状的门诊和住院患者中采集样本（尿液），这些患者分别来自布埃亚的两家卫生机构。对照组为社区中年龄和性别匹配的儿童以及因其他原因就诊于这些卫生机构的儿童。通过显微镜检查、培养和纸片扩散法测试细菌分离物的抗生素敏感性来分析样本。通过问卷调查收集社会人口统计学、临床特征和危险因素数据。使用比值比以及单变量和多变量分析来评估预测因子（症状和危险因素）与 UTI 之间的关系。 < 0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。共调查了 405 名参与者（200 例病例和 205 例对照）。病例组 UTI 患病率为 12%。在 UTI 病例中，细菌是主要的感染原因，其中 (39.4%)占主导地位。还检测到寄生虫， (0.5%)和 (0.5%)，以及酵母 (6%)。在单变量分析后，尿急（ = 4.98， = 0.027）和背痛（ = 12.37， = 0.001）与 UTI 相关。这些参数可用于预测研究地区儿科人群中的 UTI。第三代头孢菌素：头孢曲松（90.1%）和头孢羟氨苄（85.4%）是最有效的，因此推荐用于治疗。
