Complete sequence determination and analysis of mitochondrial genome in .

revealed that the complete length of its mitochondrial genome was 16,578 bp, composed of A (30.7%), T (25.6%), G (16.2%), C (27.5%) and A + T (56.3%). Its genetic constitution and arrangement were consistent with those of other Osteichthyes, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 1 control area (D-loop). All genes were encoded by the H-strand, except for 1 protein-coding gene (ND6) and 8 tRNA genes (tRNA-Gln, tRNA-Ala, tRNA-Cys, tRNA-Asn, tRNA-Tyr, tRNA-Ser, tRNA-Glu and tRNA-Pro) are encoded by the L-strand. The mitochondrial genes were arranged very closely. There were four gene overlapping regions, with an overall length of 21 bp and a base covering number range of 1-14 bp, and 23 intergenic regions, with an overall length of 147 bp and an intergenic length range of 1-19 bp. There were 10 gene pairs that were neither overlapping nor intergenic.