Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Am J Hypertens. 2021 Aug 9;34(8):810-820. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpab024.
To examine time trends in comorbidity of hypertension and self-reported type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their diagnosis, treatment, and management in China during 2000-2015 and study factors associated with these outcomes.
Longitudinal data collected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) during 2000-2015 were analyzed. 143, 351, and 338 had both hypertension and self-reported T2DM were selected in 2000, 2011, and 2015, respectively. Average systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and hypertension prevalence among T2DM participants, and treatment and control of hypertension and self-reported T2DM among participants with both conditions were examined for all and by sex and weight status. Poisson regression model assessed the associations.
From 2000 to 2015, among participants with self-reported T2DM, hypertension prevalence dropped from 88.4% to 83.0% and blood pressures decreased (P < 0.05). Men and overweight/obese participants had greater decreases in hypertension prevalence and DBP, while women had a larger decrease in SBP than men. Over time, among participants with both hypertension and self-reported T2DM, rates of hypertension treatment (45.3%-57.7%), hypertension control (3.0%-10.9%), and self-reported T2DM treatment (90.0%-95.6%) increased (all P < 0.001). Older, women, ever-smoking, heavier drinking, better income level, higher education level, and obesity had higher rates of prevalence, treatment, and control of hypertension, and self-reported T2DM treatment among participants with both hypertension and self-reported T2DM.
Rates of hypertension treatment and control among participants with both hypertension and self-reported T2DM have improved in recent years, but were still low.
本研究旨在探讨 2000-2015 年期间中国高血压合并自我报告 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的共病及其诊断、治疗和管理的时间趋势，并分析其相关影响因素。
本研究使用中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）2000-2015 年的纵向数据进行分析。2000 年、2011 年和 2015 年分别入选同时患有高血压和自我报告 T2DM 的患者 143351 例、351338 例和 338338 例。本研究分别考察了所有参与者以及男性和体重状况不同的参与者中 T2DM 患者的平均收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）、高血压患病率，以及同时患有两种疾病的患者的高血压和自我报告 T2DM 的治疗和控制情况。采用泊松回归模型评估了各因素与结局之间的相关性。
2000-2015 年期间，自我报告 T2DM 患者中高血压的患病率从 88.4%降至 83.0%，血压值降低（均 P<0.05）。男性和超重/肥胖患者的高血压患病率和 DBP 下降幅度更大，而女性的 SBP 下降幅度大于男性。随着时间的推移，同时患有高血压和自我报告 T2DM 的患者中，高血压治疗率（45.3%-57.7%）、高血压控制率（3.0%-10.9%）和自我报告 T2DM 治疗率（90.0%-95.6%）均呈上升趋势（均 P<0.001）。高龄、女性、吸烟、饮酒量较多、收入水平较高、教育程度较高和肥胖与同时患有高血压和自我报告 T2DM 的患者中高血压、T2DM 治疗和控制的患病率更高相关。
近年来，同时患有高血压和自我报告 T2DM 的患者的高血压治疗和控制率有所提高，但仍处于较低水平。
