Rabajczyk Anna, Zielecka Maria, Cygańczuk Krzysztof, Pastuszka Łukasz, Jurecki Leszek
Scientific and Research Center for Fire Protection National Research Institute, Nadwiślańska 213, 05-420 Józefów, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Jan 21;14(3):513. doi: 10.3390/ma14030513.
A recent trend in the field of membrane research is the incorporation of nanoparticles into polymeric membranes, which could produce synergistic effects when using different types of materials. This paper discusses the effect of the introduction of different nanometals such as silver, iron, silica, aluminum, titanium, zinc, and copper and their oxides on the permeability, selectivity, hydrophilicity, conductivity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and antiviral and antibacterial properties of polymeric membranes. The effects of nanoparticle physicochemical properties, type, size, and concentration on a membrane's intrinsic properties such as pore morphology, porosity, pore size, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, membrane surface charge, and roughness are discussed, and the performance of nanocomposite membranes in terms of flux permeation, contaminant rejection, and antifouling capability are reviewed. The wide range of nanocomposite membrane applications including desalination and removal of various contaminants in water-treatment processes are discussed.
膜研究领域最近的一个趋势是将纳米颗粒掺入聚合物膜中，当使用不同类型的材料时，这可能会产生协同效应。本文讨论了引入不同的纳米金属（如银、铁、二氧化硅、铝、钛、锌和铜及其氧化物）对聚合物膜的渗透性、选择性、亲水性、导电性、机械强度、热稳定性以及抗病毒和抗菌性能的影响。讨论了纳米颗粒的物理化学性质、类型、尺寸和浓度对膜的固有性质（如孔形态、孔隙率、孔径、亲水性/疏水性、膜表面电荷和粗糙度）的影响，并综述了纳米复合膜在通量渗透、污染物截留和抗污染能力方面的性能。还讨论了纳米复合膜在包括海水淡化和水处理过程中去除各种污染物在内的广泛应用。
