Department of Radiology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Radiology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan.
Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2021 Jan;60(1):13-19. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2020.11.003.
Abdominal lymphatic malformations (LM) are rare congenital malformations of the lymphatic system, representing only 2% of all LM in newborns. They may arise from intra-abdominal solid organs (such as the liver, pancreas, kidneys, spleen, adrenal glands, and gastrointestinal tract), mesentery, omentum, and retroperitoneum. Mesenteric LM are the most commonly seen, with retroperitoneal LM being the second most common. Fetal abdominal LM could be associated with karyotypic or other abnormalities, including skin edema, hydrops fetalis, and polyhydramnios, and prenatal diagnosis and perinatal counseling for these LM are important. Prenatal ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have led to an increased diagnosis of abdominal LM and improved monitoring and intervention postnatally. This article provides an overview of fetal abdominal LM, including the prenatal diagnoses, differential diagnoses, comprehensive illustrations of the imaging findings, treatments, and fetal outcomes.
腹部淋巴管畸形（LM）是一种罕见的淋巴系统先天性畸形，仅占新生儿所有 LM 的 2%。它们可能起源于腹腔内的实体器官（如肝脏、胰腺、肾脏、脾脏、肾上腺和胃肠道）、肠系膜、大网膜和腹膜后腔。肠系膜 LM 最为常见，腹膜后 LM 则位居第二。胎儿腹部 LM 可能与核型或其他异常有关，包括皮肤水肿、胎儿水肿和羊水过多，对这些 LM 的产前诊断和围产期咨询非常重要。产前超声（US）和磁共振成像（MRI）的应用提高了对腹部 LM 的诊断，并改善了产后的监测和干预。本文概述了胎儿腹部 LM，包括产前诊断、鉴别诊断、影像学表现的综合图示、治疗和胎儿结局。
