青少年大脑与认知发展研究中的儿童强迫症症状：临床、认知和大脑连通性的相关性。
Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Among Children in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study: Clinical, Cognitive, and Brain Connectivity Correlates.
机构信息
Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York.
Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York.
出版信息
Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2021 Apr;6(4):399-409. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.10.019. Epub 2020 Nov 6.
BACKGROUND
Childhood obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCSs) are common and can be an early risk marker for obsessive-compulsive disorder. The Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study provides a unique opportunity to characterize OCSs in a large normative sample of school-age children and to explore corticostriatal and task-control circuits implicated in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder.
METHODS
The ABCD Study acquired data from 9- and 10-year-olds (N = 11,876). Linear mixed-effects models probed associations between OCSs (Child Behavior Checklist) and cognition (NIH Toolbox), brain structure (subcortical volume, cortical thickness), white matter (diffusion tensor imaging), and resting-state functional connectivity.
RESULTS
OCS scores showed good psychometric properties and high prevalence, and they were related to familial/parental factors, including family conflict. Higher OCS scores related to better cognitive performance (β = .06, t = 6.28, p < .001, η= .01), particularly verbal, when controlling for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, which related to worse performance. OCSs did not significantly relate to brain structure but did relate to lower superior corticostriatal tract fractional anisotropy (β = -.03, t = -3.07, p = .002, η= .02). Higher OCS scores were related to altered functional connectivity, including weaker connectivity within the dorsal attention network (β = -.04, t = -3.71, p < .001, η= .002) and weaker dorsal attention-default mode anticorrelation (β = .04, t = 3.94, p < .001, η = .002). Dorsal attention-default mode connectivity predicted OCS scores at 1 year (β = -.04, t = -2.23, p = .03, η = .03).
CONCLUSIONS
OCSs are common and may persist throughout childhood. Corticostriatal connectivity and attention network connectivity are likely mechanisms in the subclinical-to-clinical spectrum of OCSs. Understanding correlates and mechanisms of OCSs may elucidate their role in childhood psychiatric risk and suggest potential utility of neuroimaging, e.g., dorsal attention-default mode connectivity, for identifying children at increased risk for obsessive-compulsive disorder.
背景
儿童强迫症症状（OCS）很常见，可能是强迫症的早期风险标志物。青少年大脑与认知发展（ABCD）研究为在大规模的学龄儿童正常样本中描述 OCS 并探索与儿童强迫症相关的皮质纹状体和任务控制回路提供了独特的机会。
方法
ABCD 研究从 9 岁和 10 岁的儿童（N=11876）中获取数据。线性混合效应模型探测了 OCS（儿童行为检查表）与认知（NIH 工具包）、大脑结构（皮质下体积、皮质厚度）、白质（弥散张量成像）和静息状态功能连接之间的关联。
结果
OCS 评分具有良好的心理计量学特性和高患病率，并且与家族/父母因素有关，包括家庭冲突。更高的 OCS 评分与更好的认知表现（β=0.06，t=6.28，p<.001，η=0.01）相关，尤其是在控制注意力缺陷/多动障碍（与较差的表现相关）后。OCS 与大脑结构没有显著关系，但与较高的上皮质纹状体束分数各向异性（β=-0.03，t=-3.07，p=0.002，η=0.02）相关。较高的 OCS 评分与功能连接的改变有关，包括背侧注意网络内的连接减弱（β=-0.04，t=-3.71，p<.001，η=0.002）和背侧注意-默认模式负相关减弱（β=0.04，t=3.94，p<.001，η=0.002）。背侧注意-默认模式连接可预测 1 年后的 OCS 评分（β=-0.04，t=-2.23，p=0.03，η=0.03）。
结论
OCS 很常见，可能会持续整个儿童期。皮质纹状体连接和注意网络连接可能是 OCS 亚临床到临床谱的机制。了解 OCS 的相关性和机制可以阐明其在儿童期精神疾病风险中的作用，并提示神经影像学的潜在效用，例如背侧注意-默认模式连接，用于识别患有强迫症风险增加的儿童。
Zotero 插件