Laboratorio Clínico, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez.
Laboratorio Clínico, Unidad de Medicina Familiar 5, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social; Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias de la Salud (CICS UST), Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Mexico City, Mexico.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 2021 Jan 26;78(2):91-94. doi: 10.24875/BMHIM.20000192.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. China reported the first case of COVID-19 in December 2019, and a few months later, the World Health Organization declared it as a pandemic. Oral ulcers in adult patients have been associated with COVID-19. However, no cases have yet been documented in children. The angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor has been identified in tissues of the oral cavity. Studies have identified the tongue as the site with the highest expression of ACE2, and the oral epithelium, gingival epithelium, and salivary glands as sites of lesser extent expression. ACE2 expression is lower in children and varies with age. SARS-CoV-2 in saliva has been identified in various studies, which suggests that this could be a useful sample for diagnosis. However, its presence in saliva would indicate the high risk of contagion of this fluid.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒引起的一种新疾病。中国于 2019 年 12 月报告了首例 COVID-19 病例，几个月后，世界卫生组织宣布其为大流行。成人患者的口腔溃疡与 COVID-19 有关。但是，目前尚未有儿童病例的记录。血管紧张素转换酶-2（ACE2）受体已在口腔组织中被识别。研究已经确定舌头是 ACE2 表达最高的部位，而口腔上皮，牙龈上皮和唾液腺的表达程度较低。ACE2 的表达在儿童中较低，并且随年龄而变化。在各种研究中已经在唾液中鉴定出了 SARS-CoV-2，这表明这可能是一种有用的诊断样本。但是，唾液中存在该病毒表明这种液体具有很高的传染性。
