Podlasz Piotr, Wasowicz Krzysztof
Department of Pathophysiology, Forensic Veterinary Medicine and Administration, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 26;16(1):e0245974. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245974. eCollection 2021.
Autonomic neurons innervating uterine horn is probably the only nerve cell population capable of periodical physiological degeneration and regeneration. One of the main sources of innervation of the uterus is paracervical ganglion (PCG). PCG is a unique structure of the autonomic nervous system. It contains components of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. The present study examines the response of neurons of PCG innervating uterine horn to axotomy caused by partial hysterectomy in the domestic pig animal model. The study was performed using a neuronal retrograde tracing and double immunofluorescent staining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DβH), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), neuronal nictric oxide synthase (nNOS), galanin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), somatostatin and substance P (SP). Our study showed that virtually all neurons of the porcine PCG innervating uterine horn are adrenergic and we did not confirm that PCG is the source of cholinergic fibers innervating uterine horn of the pig. After axotomy there was a decrease in expression of catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes (TH, DβH) and a strong increase in the galanin expression. The increase of the number of NPY-IR neurons in the ganglia after axotomy was observed. There were no changes in the expression of other studied substances in the PCG neurons innervating the uterine horn, what was often found in rodents studies. This indicates that neurons can respond to damage in a species-specific way.
支配子宫角的自主神经元可能是唯一能够进行周期性生理性退变和再生的神经细胞群体。子宫神经支配的主要来源之一是子宫颈旁神经节（PCG）。PCG是自主神经系统的独特结构。它包含交感神经系统和副交感神经系统的成分。本研究在家猪动物模型中，检测了支配子宫角的PCG神经元对部分子宫切除所致轴突切断的反应。该研究采用神经元逆行示踪以及对酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）、多巴胺β羟化酶（DβH）、胆碱乙酰转移酶（ChAT）、囊泡乙酰胆碱转运体（VAChT）、神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS）、甘丙肽、神经肽Y（NPY）、血管活性肠肽（VIP）、垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽（PACAP）、生长抑素和P物质（SP）进行双重免疫荧光染色。我们的研究表明，实际上支配猪子宫角的PCG所有神经元都是肾上腺素能的，并且我们并未证实PCG是支配猪子宫角胆碱能纤维的来源。轴突切断后，儿茶酚胺合成酶（TH、DβH）的表达下降，而甘丙肽的表达大幅增加。观察到轴突切断后神经节中NPY免疫反应阳性神经元数量增加。在支配子宫角的PCG神经元中，其他所研究物质的表达没有变化，这在啮齿动物研究中经常发现。这表明神经元能够以物种特异性的方式对损伤做出反应。
