Moazzam Showall, Jarmasz Jessica S, Jin Yan, Siddiqui Tabrez J, Cattini Peter A
Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Kleysen Institute for Advanced Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2021 Apr;126:105147. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105147. Epub 2021 Jan 19.
Obesity before and during pregnancy negatively affects the mental and physical health of the mother. A diet high in fat also increases the risk for anxiety, depression and cognitive dysfunction. We examined the effects of high fat diet (HFD) -induced obesity and pregnancy on maternal behavior, cognitive function and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in mice. Four-week-old female CD-1 mice were placed on a HFD or regular chow diet (RCD) for 5 weeks. Mice were maintained on either diet as non-pregnant HFD and RCD groups, or allowed to breed, and then fed these diets throughout gestation, lactation and after weaning, as pregnant HFD and RCD groups. Mice on HFD but not on RCD for 5 weeks pre-pregnancy significantly gained weight and had impaired glucose clearance. Maternal behavior was assessed by nest building prepartum and pup-retrieval postpartum. Anxiety-like behavior was evaluated both prepartum and postpartum by elevated plus maze and cognitive function was assessed by the novel object recognition test postpartum. Anhedonia, a measure of impaired reward function, is an endophenotype of depression and was assessed by sucrose preference test pre- and post-weaning in dams. Mice on HFD in pregnancy exhibited both impaired maternal behavior and cognitive function in the postpartum period. We did not detect measurable differences between the HFD and RCD groups in anxiety-like behavior in the prepartum period. In contrast, HFD was also associated with anhedonia in pregnant mice pre-weaning, and anxiety-like behavior post-weaning. Thus, HFD has a negative effect on maternal behavior in the outbred CD-1 mouse, which provides a model to study associated outcomes and related mechanisms.
孕期及孕前肥胖会对母亲的身心健康产生负面影响。高脂肪饮食还会增加焦虑、抑郁和认知功能障碍的风险。我们研究了高脂饮食（HFD）诱导的肥胖和怀孕对小鼠母性行为、认知功能以及焦虑和抑郁样行为的影响。将四周龄的雌性CD-1小鼠置于高脂饮食或常规饲料饮食（RCD）中5周。将小鼠维持在这两种饮食中的一种，分为非怀孕的高脂饮食组和常规饲料饮食组，或者使其繁殖，然后在整个妊娠期、哺乳期及断奶后都喂食这些饮食，分为怀孕的高脂饮食组和常规饲料饮食组。孕前5周食用高脂饮食而非常规饲料饮食的小鼠体重显著增加，葡萄糖清除能力受损。通过产前筑巢和产后幼崽取回评估母性行为。通过高架十字迷宫在产前和产后评估焦虑样行为，通过产后新物体识别测试评估认知功能。快感缺失是奖励功能受损的一种表现，是抑郁症的一种内表型，通过在母鼠断奶前后进行蔗糖偏好测试来评估。孕期食用高脂饮食的小鼠在产后表现出母性行为和认知功能受损。我们在产前未检测到高脂饮食组和常规饲料饮食组在焦虑样行为上有可测量的差异。相比之下，高脂饮食还与怀孕小鼠断奶前的快感缺失以及断奶后的焦虑样行为有关。因此，高脂饮食对远交系CD-1小鼠的母性行为有负面影响，这为研究相关结果及相关机制提供了一个模型。
