Yang Yingxue, Zhang Xiuqin, Chen Xiaogang, Min Shengnan
Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nanofiber, School of Materials Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
Department of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Jan 20;14(3):479. doi: 10.3390/ma14030479.
In order to achieve an efficient ballistic protection at a low weight, it is necessary to deeply explore the energy absorption mechanisms of ballistic fabric structures. In this paper, finite element (FE) yarn-level models of the designed three-dimensional (3D) angle-interlock (AI) woven fabrics and the laminated two-dimensional (2D) plain fabrics are established. The ballistic impact responses of fabric panels with and without the interlocking Z-warp yarns during the projectile penetration are evaluated in terms of their energy absorption, deformation, and stress distribution. The Z-warps in the 3D fabrics bind different layers of wefts together and provide the panel with structural support along through-the-thickness direction. The results show that the specific energy absorption (SEA) of 3D fabrics is up to 88.1% higher than that of the 2D fabrics. The 3D fabrics has a wider range of in-plane stress dispersion, which demonstrates its structural advantages in dispersing impact stress and getting more secondary yarns involved in energy absorption. However, there is a serious local stress concentration in 2D plain woven fabrics near the impact location. The absence of Z-warps between the layers of 2D laminated fabrics leads to a premature layer by layer failure. The findings are indicative for the future design of ballistic amors.
为了在低重量下实现高效的防弹保护，有必要深入探索防弹织物结构的能量吸收机制。本文建立了所设计的三维（3D）角联锁（AI）机织物和层压二维（2D）平纹织物的有限元（FE）纱线级模型。通过能量吸收、变形和应力分布，评估了有联锁Z向经纱和无联锁Z向经纱的织物面板在弹丸穿透过程中的防弹冲击响应。3D织物中的Z向经纱将不同层的纬纱结合在一起，并在厚度方向上为面板提供结构支撑。结果表明，3D织物的比能量吸收（SEA）比2D织物高88.1%。3D织物具有更广泛的面内应力分散，这表明其在分散冲击应力和使更多次生纱线参与能量吸收方面的结构优势。然而，2D平纹织物在冲击位置附近存在严重的局部应力集中。2D层压织物层间缺少Z向经纱会导致逐层过早失效。这些发现为防弹装甲的未来设计提供了参考。
