Department of Physical Therapy, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, 1398 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata 950-3198, Japan.
Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
Nutrients. 2021 Jan 20;13(2):291. doi: 10.3390/nu13020291.
Osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia are common geriatric diseases among older adults and harm activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL). Osteosarcopenia is a unique syndrome that is a concomitant of both osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia. This review aimed to summarize the related factors and clinical outcomes of osteosarcopenia to facilitate understanding, evaluation, prevention, treatment, and further research on osteosarcopenia. We searched the literature to include meta-analyses, reviews, and clinical trials. The prevalence of osteosarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults is significantly higher in female (up to 64.3%) compared to male (8-11%). Osteosarcopenia is a risk factor for death, fractures, and falls based on longitudinal studies. However, the associations between osteosarcopenia and many other factors have been derived based on cross-sectional studies, so the causal relationship is not clear. Few studies of osteosarcopenia in hospitals have been conducted. Osteosarcopenia is a new concept and has not yet been fully researched its relationship to clinical outcomes. Longitudinal studies and high-quality interventional studies are warranted in the future.
骨质疏松/骨量减少和肌肉减少症是老年人中常见的老年疾病，会损害日常生活活动（ADL）和生活质量（QOL）。骨肌减少症是一种独特的综合征，同时伴有骨质疏松/骨量减少和肌肉减少症。本综述旨在总结骨肌减少症的相关因素和临床结局，以促进对骨肌减少症的理解、评估、预防、治疗和进一步研究。我们检索了文献，包括荟萃分析、综述和临床试验。在社区居住的老年人中，女性（高达 64.3%）的骨肌减少症患病率明显高于男性（8-11%）。基于纵向研究，骨肌减少症是死亡、骨折和跌倒的危险因素。然而，基于横断面研究，骨肌减少症与许多其他因素之间的关联尚不清楚，因此因果关系尚不清楚。医院中进行的骨肌减少症研究很少。骨肌减少症是一个新概念，尚未对其与临床结局的关系进行充分研究。未来需要进行纵向研究和高质量的干预研究。
