Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Roslindale, Boston, MA 02131, USA.
Hebrew Senior Life, Roslindale, Boston, MA 02131, USA.
Nutrients. 2021 Jan 23;13(2):329. doi: 10.3390/nu13020329.
We evaluated the feasibility of using Computrition to design and implement a low vs. typical sodium meal plan intervention for older adults. Dietitians used Computrition to design a 7-day meal plan with three caloric levels (≤1750, 2000, ≥2250 kcals/day) and two sodium densities (low = 0.9 mg/kcal; = 11 or typical = 2 mg/kcal; = 9). Feasibility was determined by definitions of effectiveness, sodium compliance, palatability of diet, sustainability, and safety. Given the low number of participants in one of the three calorie groups, the higher calorie groups were combined. Thus, comparisons are between low vs. typical meal plans at two calorie levels (≤1750 or ≥2000 kcals/day). Overall, regardless of the calorie group, the meal plans created with Computrition were effective in reaching the targeted sodium density and were safe for participants. Furthermore, individuals appeared to be equally compliant and reported similar palatability across meal plans. However, one of the three criteria for the sustainability definition was not met. In conclusion, we successfully used Computrition to design low and typical sodium meal plans that were effective, compliable, and safe. Future studies of older adults in similar settings should focus on improving the palatability of the meal plans and scaling this protocol to larger studies in older adults.
我们评估了使用 Computrition 来设计和实施针对老年人的低钠与典型钠膳食计划干预的可行性。营养师使用 Computrition 设计了 7 天的膳食计划，包括三个热量水平（≤1750、2000 和≥2250 千卡/天）和两种钠密度（低 = 0.9 毫克/千卡； = 11 或典型 = 2 毫克/千卡； = 9）。通过有效性、钠依从性、饮食适口性、可持续性和安全性的定义来确定可行性。由于在三个热量组中的一个组中参与者人数较少，因此将较高热量组合并。因此，比较的是低热量组与典型热量组（≤1750 或≥2000 千卡/天）的膳食计划。总体而言，无论热量组如何，使用 Computrition 设计的膳食计划在达到目标钠密度方面都是有效的，对参与者是安全的。此外，个体在膳食计划中表现出相似的依从性，并报告相似的适口性。然而，可持续性定义的三个标准之一没有得到满足。总之，我们成功地使用 Computrition 设计了有效、可依从和安全的低钠和典型钠膳食计划。未来在类似环境下对老年人的研究应侧重于改善膳食计划的适口性，并将该方案扩展到更大规模的老年人研究中。
