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8q24.21 基因座:将非编码 RNA、基因组多态性与癌症联系起来的范例。

8q24.21 Locus: A Paradigm to Link Non-Coding RNAs, Genome Polymorphisms and Cancer.

机构信息

Department of Molecular Physiology and Cell Signalling, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.

出版信息

Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 22;22(3):1094. doi: 10.3390/ijms22031094.

Abstract

The majority of the human genome is comprised of non-protein-coding genes, but the relevance of non-coding RNAs in complex diseases has yet to be fully elucidated. One class of non-coding RNAs is long non-coding RNAs or lncRNAs, many of which have been identified to play a range of roles in transcription and translation. While the clinical importance of the majority of lncRNAs have yet to be identified, it is puzzling that a large number of disease-associated genetic variations are seen in lncRNA genes. The 8q24.21 locus is rich in lncRNAs and very few protein-coding genes are located in this region. Interestingly, the 8q24.21 region is also a hot spot for genetic variants associated with an increased risk of cancer. Research focusing on the lncRNAs in this area of the genome has indicated clinical relevance of lncRNAs in different cancers. In this review, we summarise the lncRNAs in the 8q24.21 region with respect to their role in cancer and discuss the potential impact of cancer-associated genetic polymorphisms on the function of lncRNAs in initiation and progression of cancer.

摘要

人类基因组的大部分由非蛋白编码基因组成,但非编码 RNA 在复杂疾病中的相关性尚未被充分阐明。非编码 RNA 的一类是长非编码 RNA 或 lncRNAs,其中许多已被确定在转录和翻译中发挥多种作用。虽然大多数 lncRNAs 的临床重要性尚未确定,但令人费解的是,大量与疾病相关的遗传变异存在于 lncRNA 基因中。8q24.21 位点富含 lncRNAs,而该区域只有很少的蛋白质编码基因。有趣的是,8q24.21 区域也是与癌症风险增加相关的遗传变异的热点。专注于基因组这一区域的 lncRNAs 的研究表明,lncRNAs 在不同癌症中具有临床相关性。在这篇综述中,我们总结了 8q24.21 区域的 lncRNAs 及其在癌症中的作用,并讨论了与癌症相关的遗传多态性对 lncRNAs 在癌症发生和进展中功能的潜在影响。

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