Centre for Waste Management, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, India; Centre of Excellence for Energy Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, India.
Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, India.
Chemosphere. 2021 Jun;273:129677. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129677. Epub 2021 Jan 18.
Recovery and recycle of wastewater are essential because of the need of huge quantities of water everywhere in this world. Presence of heavy metals in wastewater such as iron (Fe), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), vanadium (V), cobalt (Co), tungsten (W), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), silver (Ag), antimony (Sb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pd), uranium (U), etc is the serious environmental issues and risk for human and animal health. Adsorbents are simple and low-cost methods to treat the pollutants and heavy metals of wastewater. The adsorbents are capable to treat the wastewater prepared from different wastes such as domestic, agricultural, industrial, animal and marine waste etc. In recent years, novel nanomaterials are also used as adsorbents which enhance the treatment efficiency of wastewater. Adsorption is a mass transfer phenomenon revolving shift of elements from a fluid to a solid phase based on the concentration gradient. The mechanism which helps in separation of contaminants from the effluent and the factors governing the efficiency of adsorption are discussed elaborately.
由于世界各处都需要大量的水，因此回收和再利用废水是必不可少的。废水中存在大量重金属，如铁（Fe）、钼（Mo）、锰（Mn）、锌（Zn）、镍（Ni）、铜（Cu）、钒（V）、钴（Co）、钨（W）、铬（Cr）、砷（As）、银（Ag）、锑（Sb）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）、铅（Pd）、铀（U）等，这是严重的环境问题，对人类和动物健康构成威胁。吸附剂是处理废水和重金属的简单且低成本的方法。吸附剂能够处理来自不同废物的废水，如家庭、农业、工业、动物和海洋废物等。近年来，新型纳米材料也被用作吸附剂，以提高废水处理效率。吸附是一种基于浓度梯度的传质现象，它涉及元素从流体向固相的转移。本文详细讨论了有助于从废水中分离污染物的机制以及影响吸附效率的因素。
