Castro-Bedriñana Jorge, Chirinos-Peinado Doris, Garcia-Olarte Edgar, Quispe-Ramos Rolando
Specialized Research Institute of the Faculty of Zootechnics, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Perú.
Nutritional Food Safety Research Center, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Junín, Perú.
PeerJ. 2021 Jan 5;9:e10624. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10624. eCollection 2021.
Lead (Pb) is highly toxic heavy metal that is detrimental to the food system. There are large mining and metallurgical companies in the central highlands of Peru that have been active for almost a century and contribute to air, water, and soil pollution, affecting food quality and causing damage to the environment and human health. Our study, conducted in 2018, assessed the content and transfer of lead in the soil-root-plant system in the high Andean grasslands in a geographical area near the metallurgical complex of La Oroya. Lead levels were measured in 120 samples of top soil (0-20 cm), roots, and grass shoots by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. No significant differences were found between the soil pH, organic matter content, and lead among the samples evaluated ( > 0.05). Mean Pb concentrations decreased in the order of soil > root > shoot ( < 0.01) (212.36 ± 38.40, 154.65 ± 52.85 and 19.71 ± 2.81 mg/kg, respectively). The soil-to-root Pb bioconcentration factor, root-to-shoot translocation factor, and soil-to-shoot bioaccumulation factor values were 0.74 ± 0.26, 0.14 ± 0.06 and 0.10 ± 0.03, respectively. Lead in the soil was 3.03 times higher than the maximum limit for agricultural soil, and was 1.97 times higher than the value limit for fodder. Our findings are important and show that soils and pasture in this geographical area have high Pb levels due to metallurgical emissions that have been occurring since 1922. Such pollution negatively impacts health and the socio-economic status of the exposed populations.
铅（Pb）是一种剧毒重金属，对食品系统有害。秘鲁中部高地有大型采矿和冶金公司，它们活跃了近一个世纪，造成空气、水和土壤污染，影响食品质量，对环境和人类健康造成损害。我们在2018年进行的研究评估了拉奥罗亚冶金厂附近地理区域内安第斯高山草原土壤-根系-植物系统中铅的含量和转移情况。通过火焰原子吸收光谱法测量了120份表层土壤（0-20厘米）、根系和草茎样本中的铅含量。在评估的样本中，土壤pH值、有机质含量和铅含量之间未发现显著差异（>0.05）。铅的平均浓度按土壤>根系>草茎的顺序降低（<0.01）（分别为212.36±38.40、154.65±52.85和19.71±2.81毫克/千克）。土壤到根系的铅生物富集系数、根系到草茎的转运系数和土壤到草茎的生物累积系数值分别为0.74±0.26, 0.14±0.06和0.10±0.03。土壤中的铅含量比农业土壤的最大限值高3.03倍，比饲料的限值高1.97倍。我们的研究结果很重要，表明由于自1922年以来一直存在的冶金排放，该地理区域的土壤和牧场铅含量很高。这种污染对受影响人群的健康和社会经济状况产生负面影响。
