Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
J Exp Bot. 2018 Jun 27;69(15):3715-3728. doi: 10.1093/jxb/ery171.
Both plants and animals must contend with changes in their environment. The ability to respond appropriately to these changes often underlies the ability of the individual to survive. In plants, an early response to environmental stress is an alteration in plasmodesmatal permeability with accompanying changes in cell to cell signaling. However, the ways in which plasmodesmata are modified, the molecular players involved in this regulation, and the biological significance of these responses are not well understood. Here, we examine the effects of nutrient scarcity and excess on plasmodesmata-mediated transport in the Arabidopsis thaliana root and identify two CALLOSE SYNTHASES and two β-1,3-GLUCANASES as key regulators of these processes. Our results suggest that modification of plasmodesmata-mediated signaling underlies the ability of the plant to maintain root growth and properly partition nutrients when grown under conditions of excess nutrients.
植物和动物都必须应对环境变化。个体生存的能力往往取决于其对这些变化做出适当反应的能力。在植物中，对环境胁迫的早期反应是质膜通道渗透性的改变，并伴随着细胞间信号的变化。然而，质膜通道的改变方式、参与调节的分子参与者以及这些反应的生物学意义尚不清楚。在这里，我们研究了营养缺乏和过剩对拟南芥根中质膜通道介导的运输的影响，并确定了两个纤维素合成酶和两个β-1,3-葡聚糖酶作为这些过程的关键调节因子。我们的结果表明，质膜通道介导的信号的改变是植物在营养过剩条件下维持根生长和适当分配营养的能力的基础。
