Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Higher Institute of Nursing and Health Techniques, Laayoune, Morocco.
Ann Glob Health. 2021 Jan 6;87(1):7. doi: 10.5334/aogh.3144.
Pandemic confinement of COVID-19 may influence dietary behaviors and physical activity, and increases the risk of stress, especially among adolescents. This increases the subsequent risk of degenerative diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, etc., which can lead to a higher risk of death. This study aims to evaluate the effect of confinement on the weight load, physical activity and dietary behavior of higher education students during the period of confinement.
Data was collected by an anonymous online questionnaire with 406 students. Physical activity was evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. A reference score of the National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS-GS) was used to determine the dietary habits. Stress appreciation was assessed by using a psychological instrument known as the "Perceived Stress Scale" provided by Mind Garden.
More than a quarter of the students were overweight or obese. During the confinement of COVID-19, most of the students suffered from nutritional disorders, only one-third were moderately physically active, and the majority of students were at risk of stress. Multivariate analysis showed that the concept of threat of Stress increases the risk of weight gain at a risk level of 2.4 [95% CI 1.09-5.43], low physical activity increases the risk level to 1.9 [95% CI 1.18-3.04]. However, a balanced diet is protective against the occurrence of weight gain (ORa = 0.30, [95% CI 0.15-0.61]).
The study showed that confinement appeared to contribute to weight gain and those students were more sedentary than active with unhealthy eating behaviors. Understanding these behaviors during COVID-19 confinement will help public health authorities implement future policies on recommendations when new pandemics arrive and confinement policies are implemented.
COVID-19 大流行期间的禁闭可能会影响饮食行为和身体活动，并增加压力风险，尤其是在青少年中。这增加了随后患肥胖症、糖尿病、心血管疾病等退行性疾病的风险，从而导致更高的死亡风险。本研究旨在评估禁闭期间对高等教育学生体重负荷、身体活动和饮食行为的影响。
通过匿名在线问卷收集了 406 名学生的数据。身体活动通过国际体力活动问卷进行评估。使用国家营养与健康计划（PNNS-GS）的参考评分来确定饮食习惯。使用由 Mind Garden 提供的名为“感知压力量表”的心理工具评估压力感知。
超过四分之一的学生超重或肥胖。在 COVID-19 禁闭期间，大多数学生患有营养障碍，只有三分之一的学生有适度的身体活动，大多数学生处于压力风险之中。多变量分析表明，压力威胁感增加了体重增加的风险，风险水平为 2.4 [95%置信区间 1.09-5.43]，低身体活动将风险水平提高至 1.9 [95%置信区间 1.18-3.04]。然而，均衡饮食可预防体重增加（ORa = 0.30，[95%置信区间 0.15-0.61]）。
研究表明，禁闭似乎导致体重增加，并且与活跃相比，学生更加久坐不动且饮食习惯不健康。了解 COVID-19 禁闭期间的这些行为将有助于公共卫生当局在新大流行到来和实施禁闭政策时实施未来的建议政策。
