Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Cytokine. 2022 Mar;151:155442. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155442. Epub 2021 Jan 26.
The evolution of malignant cells implies an increase in oncogenic fitness of cells which arises in active and reciprocal interaction with the tumor microenvironment. The mechanisms facilitating the adaptive evolution of cancer cells involve clonal selection of cancer cells, in a direction of increased adaptive potential under the selective pressure of host defensive strategies. Once reached, this potential could go the other way, changing the same evolutionary force in the tumor microenvironment which influenced its emergence and favoring cancer progression. The immunological system as a part of host defensive mechanisms could be an effective modulator of cancer evolution/progression since it is also a major source of cellular intermediators, such as cytokines. The exemplar of IFN-γ actions during cancer evolution could help the revealing of these mutual interactions and enable better insight into the complex nature of cancer disease, leading to a new approach to treatment strategies.
恶性细胞的进化意味着细胞致癌适应性的增加，这是与肿瘤微环境积极和相互作用的结果。促进癌细胞适应性进化的机制包括癌细胞的克隆选择，即在宿主防御策略的选择压力下，朝着适应性潜力增加的方向发展。一旦达到这一点，这种潜力可能会朝着相反的方向发展，改变肿瘤微环境中同样影响其出现并促进癌症进展的进化力量。免疫系统作为宿主防御机制的一部分，可能是癌症进化/进展的有效调节剂，因为它也是细胞介质（如细胞因子）的主要来源。IFN-γ 在癌症进化过程中的作用范例可以帮助揭示这些相互作用，并使人们更好地了解癌症疾病的复杂性质，从而为治疗策略提供新的方法。
