Goud Talla Sridhar, Upadhyay Ramesh Chandra, Pichili Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy, Onteru Suneel Kumar, Chadipiralla Kiranmai
Climate Resilient Live Stock Research Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Andhrapradesh, Nellore, 524320, India.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2021 Jan 29;19(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s43141-021-00117-2.
Melanocortin-1-receptor gene (MC1R) plays a significant role in signaling cascade of melanin production. In cattle, the coat colors, such as red and black, are an outcome of eumelanin and pheomelanin pigments, respectively. The coat colors have become critical factors in the animal selection process. This study is therefore aimed at the molecular characterization of reddish-brown coat-colored Sahiwal cattle in comparison to the black and white-colored Karan Fries.
The Sequence length of the MC1R gene was 954 base pairs in Sahiwal cattle. The sequences were examined and submitted to GenBank Acc.No. MG373575 to MG373605. Alignment of both (Sahiwal and Karan Fries) protein sequences by applying ClustalO multiple sequence alignment programs revealed 99.8-96.8% sequence similarity within the bovine. MC1R gene phylogenetic studies were analyzed by MEGA X. The gene MC1R tree, protein confines, and hereditary difference of cattle were derived from Ensemble Asia Cow Genome Browser 97. One unique single-nucleotide polymorphism (c.844C>A) (SNP) was distinguished. Single amino acid changes were detected in the seventh transmembrane structural helix region, with SNP at p.281 T>N of MC1R gene in Karan Fries cattle.
In this current research, we first distinguished the genomic sequence of the MC1R gene regions that showed evidence of coat variation between Indian indigenous Sahiwal cattle breed correlated with crossbreed Karan Fries. These variations were found in the Melanocortin 1 receptor coding regions of the diverse SNPs. The conclusions of this research provide new insights into understanding the coat color variation in crossbreed compared to the Indian Sahiwal cattle.
黑皮质素-1-受体基因（MC1R）在黑色素生成的信号级联反应中起重要作用。在牛中，红色和黑色等毛色分别是真黑素和褐黑素色素的结果。毛色已成为动物选育过程中的关键因素。因此，本研究旨在对红棕色毛色的萨希瓦尔牛与黑白花色的卡兰弗里牛进行分子特征分析。
萨希瓦尔牛MC1R基因的序列长度为954个碱基对。对这些序列进行了检测，并提交至GenBank，登录号为MG373575至MG373605。通过应用ClustalO多序列比对程序对（萨希瓦尔牛和卡兰弗里牛）两种蛋白质序列进行比对，结果显示牛体内的序列相似性为99.8 - 96.8%。利用MEGA X对MC1R基因进行了系统发育研究。牛的MC1R基因树、蛋白质结构域和遗传差异来自Ensemble亚洲牛基因组浏览器97。鉴定出一个独特的单核苷酸多态性（c.844C>A）（SNP）。在第七个跨膜结构螺旋区域检测到单个氨基酸变化，卡兰弗里牛的MC1R基因在p.281 T>N处存在SNP。
在本研究中，我们首次鉴定了MC1R基因区域的基因组序列，该序列显示出印度本土萨希瓦尔牛品种与杂交品种卡兰弗里牛之间毛色变异的证据。这些变异存在于不同SNP的黑皮质素1受体编码区域。本研究结果为理解杂交品种与印度萨希瓦尔牛相比的毛色变异提供了新的见解。
