Open AccessLack of association between coat color abnormalities in Bali cattle () and the coding regions of the and genes.

BACKGROUND AND AIM

Coat color variations in cattle are known to be influenced by the melanocortin 1 receptor () and receptor tyrosine kinase () genes. The presence of coat color abnormalities, such as white spots and albinism, in Bali cattle was the focus of this study. This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding region of and exons 2 and 3 of associated with coat color abnormalities in Bali cattle.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study included the analysis of 48 Bali cattle, including 20 individuals with standard coat color, 15 with white spots, and 13 with albinism. Total DNA was extracted using a DNA Extraction Kit, and (coding region) and (exons 2 and 3) gene amplifications were analyzed using forward and reverse primers with polymerase chain reaction product lengths of 1071, 234, and 448 bp, respectively. The determination of and gene diversity was analyzed through direct sequencing. Melanocortin 1 receptor and gene sequence data were analyzed using BioEdit and MEGA6 to identify SNPs associated with standard and abnormal coat color phenotypes (white-spotted and albino) in Bali cattle.

RESULTS

No SNPs associated with coat color abnormalities were found in the coding region of and exons 2 and 3 of genes in Bali cattle. However, the intron two regions of contained the SNP g.70208534A>G, which showed a high degree of diversity. The AA genotype frequency was highest in albino Bali cattle, whereas the G allele frequency was highest and the A allele frequency was lowest in white-spotted Bali cattle.

CONCLUSION

The results indicated that standard, white-spotted, and albino coat colors in Bali cattle could not be distinguished by analyzing the and genes.