Department of Psychology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 29;16(1):e0245671. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245671. eCollection 2021.
There remains a dearth of research on causal roles of perceived interracial competition on psychological outcomes. Towards this end, this research experimentally manipulated perceptions of group-level competition between Black and White individuals in the U.S. and tested for effects on negative psychological outcomes. In Study 1 (N = 899), participants assigned to the high interracial competition condition (HRC) reported perceiving more discrimination, behavioral avoidance, intergroup anxiety, and interracial mistrust relative to low interracial competition (LRC) participants. Study 2 -a preregistered replication and extension-specifically recruited similar numbers of only Black and White participants (N = 1,823). Consistent with Study 1, Black and White participants in the HRC condition reported more discrimination, avoidance, anxiety, and mistrust. Main effects for race also emerged: Black participants perceived more interracial competition and negative outcomes. Racial income inequality moderated effects; competition effects were stronger in areas with higher levels of inequality. Implications for theory development are discussed.
关于感知到的种族间竞争对心理结果的因果作用，研究仍然很少。为此，本研究在实验中操纵了美国黑人和白人之间的群体层面竞争的感知，并测试了对负面心理结果的影响。在研究 1（N=899）中，与低种族间竞争（LRC）参与者相比，被分配到高种族间竞争（HRC）条件的参与者报告说感知到更多的歧视、行为回避、群体间焦虑和种族间不信任。研究 2——一项预先注册的复制和扩展——专门招募了数量相似的仅黑人和白人参与者（N=1823）。与研究 1一致，HRC 条件下的黑人和白人参与者报告了更多的歧视、回避、焦虑和不信任。种族的主要影响也出现了：黑参与者感知到更多的种族间竞争和负面结果。种族收入不平等调节了这些影响；在不平等程度较高的地区，竞争的影响更强。讨论了对理论发展的影响。
