Coelho Ana Rita F, Lidon Fernando C, Pessoa Cláudia Campos, Marques Ana Coelho, Luís Inês Carmo, Caleiro João, Simões Manuela, Kullberg José, Legoinha Paulo, Brito Maria, Guerra Mauro, Leitão Roberta G, Galhano Carlos, Scotti-Campos Paula, Semedo José N, Silva Maria Manuela, Pais Isabel P, Silva Maria J, Rodrigues Ana P, Pessoa Maria F, Ramalho José C, Reboredo Fernando H
Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
GeoBioTec, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Jan 27;10(2):245. doi: 10.3390/plants10020245.
This study aimed to assess the efficiency of Ca enrichment in tubers of three genotypes of L., through foliar spraying with CaCl and Ca(NO) solutions. In this context, soil heterogeneity of three potato-growing fields, as well as the implications of Ca accumulation among tissues and some quality parameters were assessed. Three potato varieties (Agria, Picasso and Rossi) were grown in three production fields and during the life cycle, four pulverizations with calcium chloride (3 and 6 kg ha) or calcium nitrate (0.5, 2 and 4 kg ha) were applied. For screening the potential phytotoxicity, using Agria as a test system, the potential synthesis of photoassimilates was determined, and it was found that after the 3rd Ca application, leaf gas exchanges were moderately (net photosynthesis), to strongly (stomatal conductance) affected, although without impact on Ca accumulation in tubers. At harvest, the average Ca biofortification index varied between 5-40%, 40-35% and 4.3-13% in Agria, Picasso and Rossi, respectively. Moreover, the equatorial region of the tubers in general showed that Ca accumulation prevailed in the epidermis and, in some cases, in inner areas of the potato tubers. Biofortified tubers with Ca also showed some significant changes in total soluble solids and colorimetric parameters. It is concluded that Ca enrichment of potato tubers through foliar spraying complemented the xylem mass flow of Ca from roots, through phloem redistribution. Both fertilizers showed similar efficiency, but Rossi revealed a lower index of Ca accumulation, eventually due to different metabolic characteristics. Although affected by Ca enrichment, potato tubers maintained a high quality for industrial processing.
本研究旨在通过叶面喷施氯化钙和硝酸钙溶液，评估三种基因型马铃薯块茎中钙富集的效率。在此背景下，评估了三个马铃薯种植田的土壤异质性，以及各组织中钙积累的影响和一些品质参数。三个马铃薯品种（阿格里亚、毕加索和罗西）种植于三个生产田，在其生长周期内，进行了四次氯化钙（3和6千克/公顷）或硝酸钙（0.5、2和4千克/公顷）喷施。为筛选潜在的植物毒性，以阿格里亚为测试系统，测定了光合同化物的潜在合成，结果发现，第三次施钙后，叶片气体交换受到中度（净光合作用）至强烈（气孔导度）影响，尽管对块茎中钙的积累没有影响。收获时，阿格里亚、毕加索和罗西的平均钙生物强化指数分别在5 - 40%、40 - 35%和4.3 - 13%之间变化。此外，块茎的赤道区域总体表明，钙积累主要集中在表皮，在某些情况下，也存在于马铃薯块茎的内部区域。经钙生物强化的块茎在总可溶性固形物和比色参数方面也表现出一些显著变化。研究得出结论，通过叶面喷施使马铃薯块茎富集钙，通过韧皮部再分配补充了从根部通过木质部的钙质量流。两种肥料表现出相似的效率，但罗西的钙积累指数较低，最终可能是由于不同的代谢特性。尽管受到钙富集的影响，马铃薯块茎仍保持较高的工业加工品质。
