Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Center for Social and Cultural Psychology, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
Brain Behav Immun. 2021 May;94:289-298. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.01.014. Epub 2021 Jan 28.
Metabolic and behavioural diseases, which are often related to obesity, have been associated to alterations of the gut microbiota considered as an interesting therapeutic target. We have analyzed in a cohort of obese patients treated with prebiotic inulin versus placebo the potential link between gut microbiota changes occurring upon intervention and their effect on psychological parameters (mood and cognition).
A randomized, single-blinded, multicentric, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 106 obese patients assigned to two groups: prebiotic versus placebo, who received respectively 16 g/d of native inulin or maltodextrin combined with dietary advice to consume inulin-rich or -poor vegetables for 3 months as well as to restrict caloric intake. Anthropometric measurements, food intake, psychological questionnaires, serum measures, and fecal microbiome sequencing were performed before and after the intervention.
Inulin supplementation in obese subjects had moderate beneficial effect on emotional competence and cognitive flexibility. However, an exploratory analysis revealed that some patients exhibiting specific microbial signature -elevated Coprococcus levels at baseline- were more prone to benefit from prebiotic supplementation in terms of mood. Positive responders toward inulin intervention in term of mood also displayed worse metabolic and inflammatory profiles at baseline (increased levels of IL-8, insulin resistance and adiposity).
This study shows that inulin intake can be helpful to improve mood in obese subjects exhibiting a specific microbial profile. The present work highlights some microbial, metabolic and inflammatory features (IL-8, insulin resistance) which can predict or mediate the beneficial effects of inulin on behaviour in obesity. Food4gut, clinicaltrial.gov: NCT03852069, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03852069.
代谢和行为疾病常与肥胖有关，而肠道微生物群的改变被认为是一种有前途的治疗靶点。我们分析了一组接受益生元菊粉治疗的肥胖患者，研究了干预后肠道微生物群的变化与对心理参数（情绪和认知）的影响之间的潜在联系。
在 106 名肥胖患者中进行了一项随机、单盲、多中心、安慰剂对照试验，患者被分为两组：益生元组和安慰剂组，分别给予 16g/d 的天然菊粉或麦芽糊精，并结合饮食建议，摄入富含或缺乏菊粉的蔬菜 3 个月，并限制热量摄入。在干预前后进行了人体测量、饮食摄入、心理问卷、血清测量和粪便微生物组测序。
在肥胖患者中补充菊粉对情绪能力和认知灵活性有适度的有益影响。然而，一项探索性分析显示，一些基线时具有特定微生物特征（高水平的 Coprococcus）的患者更有可能从益生元补充中获益。在情绪方面对菊粉干预有积极反应的患者，在基线时也显示出更差的代谢和炎症特征（IL-8 水平升高、胰岛素抵抗和肥胖）。
本研究表明，在具有特定微生物特征的肥胖患者中，菊粉的摄入有助于改善情绪。本研究强调了一些微生物、代谢和炎症特征（IL-8、胰岛素抵抗），它们可以预测或介导菊粉对肥胖行为的有益影响。Food4gut，clinicaltrial.gov：NCT03852069，https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03852069。
