Division of Neonatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Am J Perinatol. 2022 Oct;29(14):1533-1540. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1722942. Epub 2021 Jan 31.
Respiratory distress presented within the first few days of life is life-threatening and common problem in the neonatal period. The aim of this study is to estimate (1) the incidence of respiratory diseases in newborns and related mortality; (2) the relationship between acute neonatal respiratory disorders rates and gestational age, birth weight, and gender; and (3) the incidence of complications associated with respiratory disturbances.
Only inborn patients with gestational age between 23 and 41 weeks having respiratory distress were included in the study. The data were collected from the medical records and gestational age was based on the menstrual dating.
There were 8,474 live births between January 1, 2013, and June 30, 2013, in our hospital. A total of 1,367 newborns were hospitalized and oxygen therapy was applied in 903 of them because of respiratory distress. An acute respiratory disorder was found to be in 10.6% (903/8,474) among all live births. Mortality was 0.76% (66/8,474). The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was 2.8% ( = 242). The occurrence of transient tachypnea of newborn was 3.1% ( = 270). Meconium aspiration syndrome, pneumonia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, and pulmonary maladaptation and primary persistent pulmonary hypertension rates were 0.1, 0.7, 2.2, and 0%, respectively. Overall, 553 (61%) of the 903 newborns having respiratory diseases had complications. The occurrence of necrotizing enterocolitis, patent ductus arteriosus, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage and air leak was 6.8, 19.8, 4.7, 24.9, and 5%, respectively.
This study offers an epidemiological perspective for respiratory disorders from a single-center level-III neonatal intensive care unit. Although number of births, premature newborns, extremely low birth weight/very low birth weight infants, and complicated pregnancies increase in years, decreasing rates of mortality and complications are very promising. As perinatal and neonatal cares are getting better in every day, we think that more promising results can be achieved over the coming years.
· Respiratory distress in the newborn is life-threatening.. · Pulmonary or extrapulmonary diseases may be underlying cause.. · More promising results can be achieved over the coming years with advanced care..
新生儿期生命受到威胁且常见的早期呼吸系统疾病。本研究旨在评估：（1）新生儿呼吸系统疾病的发病率和相关死亡率；（2）急性新生儿呼吸障碍发生率与胎龄、出生体重和性别之间的关系；（3）与呼吸紊乱相关的并发症发生率。
仅纳入胎龄 23 周至 41 周，有呼吸窘迫的住院新生儿。数据从病历中收集，胎龄以月经日期计算。
2013 年 1 月 1 日至 6 月 30 日，我院共出生 8474 例活产儿，其中 1367 例新生儿住院，903 例因呼吸窘迫给予吸氧治疗。所有活产儿中急性呼吸障碍发生率为 10.6%（903/8474），死亡率为 0.76%（66/8474）。呼吸窘迫综合征发病率为 2.8%（242 例），新生儿暂时性呼吸急促发生率为 3.1%（270 例），胎粪吸入综合征、肺炎、先天性膈疝、肺适应不良和原发性持续性肺动脉高压的发生率分别为 0.1%（9 例）、0.7%（60 例）、2.2%（19 例）和 0%（0 例）。903 例患有呼吸系统疾病的新生儿中，553 例（61%）有并发症，坏死性小肠结肠炎、动脉导管未闭、支气管肺发育不良、颅内出血和气胸的发生率分别为 6.8%（62 例）、19.8%（180 例）、4.7%（42 例）、24.9%（227 例）和 5%（45 例）。
本研究从单中心三级新生儿重症监护病房的角度提供了呼吸障碍的流行病学观点。尽管每年的分娩数、早产儿、极低出生体重/超低出生体重儿和复杂妊娠都在增加，但死亡率和并发症发生率的下降是非常有希望的。随着围产期和新生儿护理的不断进步，我们认为未来几年可以取得更有希望的结果。
新生儿呼吸窘迫危及生命。
可能存在肺部或肺外疾病。
随着先进护理的发展，未来可能取得更有希望的结果。
