Effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the contralateral non-tumor-bearing breast assessed by diffuse optical tomography.

BACKGROUND

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the changes in optically derived parameters acquired with a diffuse optical tomography breast imager system (DOTBIS) in the contralateral non-tumor-bearing breast in patients administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer are associated with pathologic complete response (pCR).

METHODS

In this retrospective evaluation of 105 patients with stage II-III breast cancer, oxy-hemoglobin (ctOHb) from the contralateral non-tumor-bearing breast was collected and analyzed at different time points during NAC. The earliest monitoring imaging time point was after 2-3 weeks receiving taxane. Longitudinal data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects modeling to evaluate the contralateral breast ctOHb changes across chemotherapy when corrected for pCR status, age, and BMI.

RESULTS

Patients who achieved pCR to NAC had an overall decrease of 3.88 μM for ctOHb (95% CI, 1.39 to 6.37 μM), p = .004, after 2-3 weeks. On the other hand, non-pCR subjects had a non-significant mean reduction of 0.14 μM (95% CI, - 1.30 to 1.58 μM), p > .05. Mixed-effect model results indicated a statistically significant negative relationship of ctOHb levels with BMI and age.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that the contralateral normal breast tissue assessed by DOTBIS is modifiable after NAC, with changes associated with pCR after only 2-3 weeks of chemotherapy.