Gokmen Yunus, Baskici Cigdem, Ercil Yavuz
The Department of Industry and System Engineering, National Defence University, Turkish Military Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
Başkent University, Department of Healthcare Management, Center for Strategy and Technology, Ankara, Turkey.
Int J Intercult Relat. 2021 Mar;81:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2020.12.006. Epub 2020 Dec 29.
In recent years, countries have been fighting with increasing momentum against outbreaks. This struggle requires the effective implementation of several measures that are required in medical science. However, the cultural characteristics of each society prevent these measures from being applied in the same way globally. One area in which social scientists have not applied much effort is observing the impact of countries' cultural characteristics in the fight against outbreaks. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether cultural differences among countries have an impact on their fight against outbreaks. This study uses the COVID-19 pandemic's total cases and selected European countries' cultural dimension scores as data. Due to the differences in the measurement units of cultural and outbreak variables, a stepwise multiple logarithmic regression analysis is preferred to select the proper regression model. The results have shown that power distance has a significant and negative effect on the increase rate of the total COVID-19 cases per million (IRTCCPM). In addition, the results have demonstrated that both individualism and indulgence have significant and positive effects on IRTCCPM, at the 95 % confidence level. However, the hypotheses concerning the impacts of masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation on the IRTCCPM are rejected at the α = 0.05 level. In light of the findings of this study, it can be asserted that countries act in harmony with their cultural characteristics in the formal or informal practices of their fight against outbreaks. The contributions of the study can be discussed in academic and practical fields.
近年来，各国抗击疫情的力度不断加大。这场斗争需要有效实施医学所需的多项措施。然而，每个社会的文化特征使得这些措施无法在全球以相同方式应用。社会科学家尚未大力研究的一个领域是观察各国文化特征在抗击疫情中的影响。因此，本研究旨在确定各国之间的文化差异是否会对其抗击疫情产生影响。本研究将新冠疫情的累计病例数和选定欧洲国家的文化维度得分作为数据。由于文化变量和疫情变量的测量单位不同，因此首选逐步多元对数回归分析来选择合适的回归模型。结果表明，权力距离对每百万人口新冠疫情累计病例增长率（IRTCCPM）有显著的负面影响。此外，结果还表明，在95%的置信水平下，个人主义和放纵对IRTCCPM均有显著的正面影响。然而，关于男性气概、不确定性规避和长期导向对IRTCCPM影响的假设在α = 0.05水平上被拒绝。根据本研究的结果，可以断言，各国在抗击疫情的正式或非正式实践中，其行动与其文化特征相契合。本研究的贡献可在学术和实践领域进行讨论。
