de Bernardi Schneider Adriano, Osiowy Carla, Hostager Reilly, Krarup Henrik, Børresen Malene, Tanaka Yasuhito, Morriseau Taylor, Wertheim Joel O
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.
National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Jan 15;11:602296. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.602296. eCollection 2020.
A disproportionate number of Greenland's Inuit population are chronically infected with Hepatitis B virus (HBV; 5-10%). HBV genotypes B and D are most prevalent in the circumpolar Arctic. Here, we report 39 novel HBV/D sequences from individuals residing in southwestern Greenland. We performed phylodynamic analyses with ancient HBV DNA calibrators to investigate the origin and relationship of these taxa to other HBV sequences. We inferred a substitution rate of 1.4 × 10 [95% HPD 8.8 × 10, 2.0 × 10] and a time to the most recent common ancestor of 629 CE [95% HPD 37-1138 CE]. The Greenland taxa form a sister clade to HBV/D2 sequences, specifically New Caledonian and Indigenous Taiwanese sequences. The Greenland sequences share amino acid signatures with subgenotypes D1 and D2 and ~97% sequence identity. Our results suggest the classification of these novel sequences does not fit within the current nomenclature. Thus, we propose these taxa be considered a novel quasi-subgenotype.
格陵兰因纽特人群中慢性感染乙肝病毒（HBV）的比例过高（5%-10%）。HBV基因型B和D在北极圈最为普遍。在此，我们报告了来自格陵兰西南部居民的39条新型HBV/D序列。我们使用古代HBV DNA校准物进行了系统动力学分析，以研究这些分类群与其他HBV序列的起源及关系。我们推断出替换率为1.4×10[95%最高后验密度区间为8.8×10，2.0×10]，最近共同祖先的时间为公元629年[95%最高后验密度区间为公元37-1138年]。格陵兰分类群形成了HBV/D2序列的姐妹进化枝，特别是新喀里多尼亚和台湾原住民序列。格陵兰序列与D1和D2亚基因型共享氨基酸特征，序列同一性约为97%。我们的结果表明，这些新序列的分类不符合当前的命名法。因此，我们建议将这些分类群视为一种新型准亚基因型。
