RobatSarpooshi Davood, Taghipour Ali, Mahdizadeh Mehrsadat, Azadeh Saki, AliReza Jafari, Peyman Nooshin
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2020 Jul 2;19(2):709-716. doi: 10.1007/s40200-020-00549-6. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease with an increasing prevalence throughout the world due to the changes in lifestyle. Appropriate self-care promotes the life condition of people with chronic illnesses and reduces the side effects of such diseases, so this study was designed to develop a scale for evaluating self-care in middle-aged patients diabetes.
In this methodological study, the following 4 steps were conducted for design and psychometric measurement of the questionnaire: 1) Data collection was carried out during a supplementary cross-sectional survey of the qualitative study; 2) determining the face validity (the assessment of facility, difficulty, and ambiguity of the items and their importance for patients) and content validity of the questionnaire (the assessment of appropriateness and necessity of items by experts opinions and measuring CVR and CVI; 3) the internal consistency of the questionnaire was evaluated by determining the Cranach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.85), and 4) test-retest of the scale with a 2-weeks interval confirmed appropriate stability for the scale (ICC = 0.81). The normality of data was also evaluated using skewness and kurtosis. CFA was performed using AMOS version 24 software.
The first version of this questionnaire was produced with 71 items, of which 27 items were deleted during the process of validity and reliability confirmation. The final version of the questionnaire was provided with 44 items. For this study, 460 samples were used to examine the psychometric properties of the self-care scale.The confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit to the data. Before the performing CFA, KMO and Bartlett's test of sphericity were evaluated and the results indicated an adequate sample (KMO = 0.956 and Bartlett's test: χ2 = 14,288.048, df = 946, < 0.001).
The findings showed that the designed questionnaire could assess self-care in patients with diabetes. This is a short, easy-to-use questionnaire that helps you understand what the patient needs to perform self-care behaviors.
糖尿病是最常见的代谢性疾病，由于生活方式的改变，其在全球的患病率不断上升。适当的自我护理可改善慢性病患者的生活状况并减少此类疾病的副作用，因此本研究旨在开发一种用于评估中年糖尿病患者自我护理情况的量表。
在这项方法学研究中，对问卷进行设计和心理测量时采取了以下4个步骤：1）在定性研究的补充横断面调查期间进行数据收集；2）确定问卷的表面效度（评估项目的难易程度、模糊性及其对患者的重要性）和内容效度（通过专家意见评估项目的适当性和必要性，并测量CVR和CVI）；3）通过确定Cronbach's alpha系数（α = 0.85）来评估问卷的内部一致性；4）间隔2周对该量表进行重测，证实该量表具有适当的稳定性（ICC = 0.81）。还使用偏度和峰度评估数据的正态性。使用AMOS 24版软件进行验证性因素分析。
该问卷的第一版有71个项目，在效度和信度确认过程中删除了其中27个项目。问卷的最终版本有44个项目。本研究使用460个样本检验自我护理量表的心理测量特性。验证性因素分析表明该量表与数据拟合良好。在进行验证性因素分析之前，评估了KMO和Bartlett球形检验，结果表明样本充足（KMO = 0.956，Bartlett检验：χ2 = 14288.048，df = 946，P < 0.001）。
研究结果表明，所设计的问卷能够评估糖尿病患者的自我护理情况。这是一份简短、易于使用的问卷，有助于了解患者进行自我护理行为所需的内容。
