Guizzo Miranda, Ward Bernadette, Wilkinson Claire, Vally Hassan, Kuntsche Sandra
School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
Alcohol and Tobacco, Victorian Health Promotion Foundation, Melbourne, Australia.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2021 Jul;40(5):761-770. doi: 10.1111/dar.13236. Epub 2021 Feb 1.
Local governments (LG) have a key role in reducing alcohol-related harm, yet, Australian research investigating this is limited. This study aimed to explore Australian LGs' role in alcohol policy by investigating how LGs respond to alcohol-related harm and what influences their responses.
A collective case study approach guided two-stage purposive sampling. Victorian metropolitan and regional LGs were invited to participate based on alcohol-related harm profiles. Officers within LGs with alcohol policy knowledge participated in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed deductively using a pre-existing alcohol policy framework and inductively using thematic analysis.
Nine officers from eight LGs participated. LG responses to alcohol-related harm predominately included bans on alcohol in public spaces, licensed premises planning and alcohol-free youth events. Half implemented liquor forums/accords and most implemented education programs in sporting clubs, schools or workplaces. In some LGs, the reduction of alcohol-related harm was not considered a priority. Key influences on alcohol initiatives were legislation, the composition of licensed venues, extent of alcohol-related harms, resources and priorities, and stakeholder feedback.
While particular policies were widespread, participating LGs varied greatly in activity in, and responses to, reducing alcohol-related harm. LGs reported varied influences on their responses. LGs recognised the long-term health harms of alcohol in their health planning documents, however, most prioritised interventions targeting short-term amenity and safety harms. Changes to Victorian planning and liquor licensing legislation to give additional powers to LGs and providing pre-developed alcohol programs with dedicated funding should be considered.
地方政府在减少与酒精相关的危害方面发挥着关键作用，然而，澳大利亚对此进行的研究有限。本研究旨在通过调查地方政府如何应对与酒精相关的危害以及哪些因素影响其应对措施，来探索澳大利亚地方政府在酒精政策中的作用。
采用集体案例研究方法指导两阶段的目的抽样。根据与酒精相关的危害情况，邀请维多利亚州的大都市和地区地方政府参与。具有酒精政策知识的地方政府官员参与了半结构化访谈。使用预先存在的酒精政策框架对访谈记录进行演绎分析，并使用主题分析进行归纳分析。
来自八个地方政府的九名官员参与了研究。地方政府对与酒精相关危害的应对措施主要包括在公共场所禁止饮酒、许可场所规划和无酒精青年活动。一半的地方政府实施了酒类论坛/协议，大多数在体育俱乐部、学校或工作场所实施了教育项目。在一些地方政府中，减少与酒精相关的危害不被视为优先事项。对酒精倡议的关键影响因素包括立法、许可场所的构成、与酒精相关危害的程度、资源和优先事项以及利益相关者的反馈。
虽然特定政策很普遍，但参与研究的地方政府在减少与酒精相关危害的活动和应对措施方面差异很大。地方政府报告称，对其应对措施有不同的影响。地方政府在其健康规划文件中认识到酒精对健康的长期危害，然而，大多数优先考虑针对短期便利和安全危害的干预措施。应考虑修改维多利亚州的规划和酒类许可立法，赋予地方政府更多权力，并为预先制定的酒精项目提供专项资金。
