Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany.
Institute of Radiology, Suedharz Hospital Nordhausen, Dr.-Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 99734 Nordhausen, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 28;18(3):1136. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031136.
(1) Purpose: Predisposing factors to osteoporosis (OP) as well as dual-source x-ray densitometry (DXA) steer therapeutic decisions by determining the FRAX index. This study examines the reliability of a standard risk factor questionnaire in OP-screening. (2) Methods: = 553 eligible questionnaires encompassed 24 OP-predisposing factors. Reliability was assessed using DXA as a gold standard. Multiple logistic regression and Spearman's correlations, as well as the confounding influence of age and body mass index, were analyzed in SPSS (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA). (3) Results: Our study revealed low patient self-awareness regarding OP and its risk factors. One out of every four patients reported a positive history for osteoporosis not confirmed by DXA. The extraordinarily high incidence of rheumatoid arthritis and thyroid disorders likely reflect confusion with other diseases or health anxiety. FRAX-determining risk factors such as malnutrition, liver insufficiency, prior fracture without trauma, and glucocorticoid therapy did not correlate with increased OP incidence, altogether demonstrating how inaccurate survey information could influence therapeutic decisions on osteoporosis. (4) Conclusions: Contradictive results and a low level of patient self-awareness suggest a high degree of uncertainty and low reliability of the current OP risk factor survey.
(1)目的：骨质疏松症（OP）的易患因素以及双能 X 射线骨密度仪（DXA）通过确定 FRAX 指数来指导治疗决策。本研究检查了标准风险因素问卷在 OP 筛查中的可靠性。
(2)方法：纳入了 553 份符合条件的问卷，其中包含 24 个 OP 易患因素。使用 DXA 作为金标准评估可靠性。使用 SPSS（IBM 公司，纽约州阿蒙克）进行多因素逻辑回归和斯皮尔曼相关性分析，以及年龄和体重指数的混杂影响。
(3)结果：我们的研究表明，患者对 OP 及其危险因素的自我意识较低。每四个患者中就有一个报告骨质疏松症阳性病史，但未被 DXA 证实。类风湿关节炎和甲状腺疾病的极高发病率可能反映了与其他疾病的混淆或健康焦虑。FRAX 确定的危险因素，如营养不良、肝功能不全、无创伤性既往骨折和糖皮质激素治疗，与 OP 发病率增加无关，这表明不准确的调查信息如何可能影响骨质疏松症的治疗决策。
(4)结论：矛盾的结果和患者自我意识的低下表明当前 OP 风险因素调查具有高度的不确定性和低可靠性。
