International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2021;23(10):1067-1076. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1876627. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
Evaluation a field-scale of constructed wetland (CW) for the treatment of rural wastewater (WW), in resource-scarce semi-arid tropic (SAT) villages, to provide improved wastewater management and increased water use efficiency, was the main objective of this study. A CW was commissioned in Kothapally village of Telangana to treat the wastewater generated from 100 households. The CW was vegetated with and Average COD, sulfate and inorganic nitrogen removal efficiencies observed were 65%, 60% and 67% respectively, for the study period (one year). Removal efficiency for total coliform was consistently above 80%. The treated wastewater was stored in a farm pond and was utilized for irrigation in the nearby agricultural fields (0.6 ha). This perennial source of water, helped the nearby farmers to cultivate two additional crops, chickpea during and sweetcorn during summer. The assured availability of water reduced their vulnerability to dry spells during the by providing means for lifesaving irrigation. The biomass harvested from the constructed wetland was used as fodder for the livestock. A net additional income of Rs.70,000 (∼US$1,000) was realized by the farmers using the treated wastewater for cultivation. Similar constructed wetland-based wastewater management system can be scaled up across water scarce semi-arid tropics. Field-scale performance evaluation of constructed wetland based wastewater treatment in a semi-arid tropic village is scarce in the literature. The work presented gives a feasibility assessment for this technology critical for its wide-scale application to augment rural wastewater management in resource poor villages.
本研究的主要目的是评估在资源匮乏的半干旱热带（SAT）村庄中，用于处理农村废水（WW）的规模化人工湿地（CW），以提供改善的废水管理和提高水利用效率。在特兰加纳的科塔帕利村建造了一个 CW，以处理来自 100 户家庭的废水。CW 种植了 和 。在研究期间（一年），观察到 COD、硫酸盐和无机氮的平均去除效率分别为 65%、60%和 67%。总大肠菌群的去除效率始终保持在 80%以上。处理后的废水储存在一个农场池塘中，并用于附近农业用地（0.6 公顷）的灌溉。这种常年水源帮助附近的农民在 和夏季种植了额外的两季作物，即 和甜玉米。有了可靠的水源供应，农民在旱季可以进行救生灌溉，减少了他们的脆弱性。从人工湿地中收获的生物质被用作牲畜的饲料。农民使用处理后的废水进行种植，实现了 70,000 卢比（约合 1000 美元）的净额外收入。在半干旱热带地区，类似的基于人工湿地的废水管理系统可以扩大规模。在半干旱热带村庄中，基于人工湿地的废水处理的现场规模性能评估在文献中很少见。本研究提供了对这项技术的可行性评估，这项技术对于在资源匮乏的村庄中广泛应用以加强农村废水管理至关重要。
