Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Toronto Department of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
BMJ Open Qual. 2021 Jan;10(1). doi: 10.1136/bmjoq-2020-001186.
Delirium is a serious and common condition that leads to significant adverse health outcomes for hospitalised older adults. It occurs in 30%-55% of patients with hip fractures and is one of the most common postoperative complications in older adults undergoing orthopaedic surgery. Multicomponent, non-pharmacological interventions can reduce delirium incidence by up to 30% but are often challenging to implement as part of routine care. We identified a gap in the delivery of non-pharmacological interventions on an orthopaedic unit. This project aimed to implement a bedside sign on an orthopaedic unit to reduce the occurrence of delirium by prompting staff to use multicomponent evidence-based delirium prevention strategies for at-risk older adults. Quality improvement methods were used to integrate and optimise the use of a bedside 'delirium prevention' sign on an orthopaedic unit.The sign was implemented in four target rooms and sign completion rates increased from 47% to 83% (95% CI 71.7% to 94.9%; p<0.001) over a 10-month period. The sign did not have a significant impact on delirium prevalence. The mean Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)+ rate during the baseline period was 8% with an absolute increase in the intervention period to 11.4% (95% CI 7.2% to 15.8%; p=0.31). There were no significant shifts or trends in the run chart for the proportion of patients with CAM+ scores over time. The sign was well received by staff, who reported it was a worthwhile use of time and prompted use of non-pharmacological interventions. This quality improvement project successfully integrated a novel, low-cost, feasible and evidence-based approach into routine clinical care to support staff to deliver non-pharmacological interventions. Given the increased pressures on front-line staff in hospital, tools that reduce cognitive load at the bedside are important to consider when caring for a vulnerable older adult patient population.
谵妄是一种严重且常见的病症,会导致住院老年患者健康状况恶化。它发生在 30%-55%的髋部骨折患者中,是老年患者接受骨科手术后最常见的术后并发症之一。多组分、非药物干预措施可以将谵妄的发病率降低多达 30%,但作为常规护理的一部分实施起来往往具有挑战性。我们发现骨科病房在提供非药物干预措施方面存在差距。本项目旨在实施骨科病房床边标志,通过提示工作人员为高风险老年患者使用多组分基于证据的谵妄预防策略来减少谵妄的发生。使用质量改进方法整合和优化骨科病房床边“谵妄预防”标志的使用。该标志在四个目标病房实施,在 10 个月的时间里,标志完成率从 47%增加到 83%(95%CI 71.7%至 94.9%;p<0.001)。标志对谵妄的发生率没有显著影响。基线期的平均意识模糊评估方法(CAM)+率为 8%,干预期绝对增加到 11.4%(95%CI 7.2%至 15.8%;p=0.31)。随着时间的推移,CAM+评分患者比例的运行图表没有明显的变化或趋势。工作人员对标志的评价良好,他们认为这是一种值得花费时间的做法,并提示使用非药物干预措施。这个质量改进项目成功地将一种新颖、低成本、可行且基于证据的方法整合到常规临床护理中,以支持工作人员提供非药物干预措施。考虑到医院一线工作人员面临的压力越来越大,在照顾脆弱的老年患者群体时,床边减少认知负担的工具非常重要。