Department of Philosophy, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, Wausau, Wisconsin.
Bioethics. 2021 Sep;35(7):672-679. doi: 10.1111/bioe.12853. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
This account of the moral status of the human fetus makes four interlocking claims, which together comprise the Fetal Life Moral Status Thesis: (1) life as a human organism begins at the fetal stage of development; (2) the non-organismal life of the human embryo begins at fertilization; (3) the human fetus has intrinsic moral status as a human being; and (4) the human embryo has extrinsic moral status as a non-organismal human individual. The somatic integration definition of human life functions as a premise in two supporting arguments: the Fetal Life Argument and the Fetal Moral Status Argument. These arguments are articulated, objections are considered, and the resulting account of the moral status of the human fetus is applied to the problem of abortion.
本文阐述了人类胎儿的道德地位，提出了四个相互关联的观点，共同构成了胎儿生命道德地位论：（1）人类生物体的生命始于胎儿发育阶段；（2）人类胚胎的非生物体生命始于受精；（3）人类胎儿作为人类个体具有内在的道德地位；（4）人类胚胎作为非生物体的人类个体具有外在的道德地位。人类生命的躯体整合定义作为两个支持性论点的前提：胎儿生命论证和胎儿道德地位论证。本文详细阐述了这些论点，考虑了反对意见，并将人类胎儿的道德地位应用于堕胎问题。
