Facultad de Fisioterapia y Enfermería, Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
Grupo de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Campus de Fábrica de Armas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av de Carlos III, nº 21, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 26;18(3):1100. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031100.
The promotion of Physical Activity (PA) is an important public health goal to reduce comorbidity and diseases associated with aging such as anxiety and depression. To investigate the association between level of PA, mental health and the consumption of medications among a representative cohort of Spanish pre-elderly people. Cross-sectional study with 5977 participants aged 50 to 64 years who participated in the National Health Survey in Spain 2017. The levels of PA were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the mental conditions were measured by the Goldberg Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). The chi-square test was used for qualitative variables; Pearson's correlation was conducted between GHQ-12 score with different quantitative variables; and a logistic regression was used to determine the association between PA and mental health with the sociodemographic characteristics. The participants were 51.9% women and 48.1% men with a mean age of 56.79 years, and 35.5% of participants had a low level of PA. A low level of PA was associated with cases of mental health vulnerability, anxiety and depression (in women), the consumption of more medications and greater multimorbidity. It is important that people reach old age with an optimal health status in order to reduce age-related disability and morbidity. More than a third of the Spanish pre-elderly do not reach the levels of PA recommended by the WHO. People who had low level of PA consumed more medications and had higher mental health vulnerability and greater multimorbidity.
促进身体活动（PA）是减少共病和与衰老相关疾病（如焦虑和抑郁）的重要公共卫生目标。本研究旨在调查西班牙准老年人中 PA 水平、心理健康和药物使用之间的关系。这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 5977 名年龄在 50 至 64 岁之间的参与者，他们参加了 2017 年西班牙国家健康调查。使用国际体力活动问卷评估 PA 水平，使用 Goldberg 健康问卷-12（GHQ-12）测量心理健康状况。采用卡方检验比较定性变量；采用 Pearson 相关分析比较 GHQ-12 评分与不同定量变量之间的相关性；采用 logistic 回归分析确定 PA 与心理健康与社会人口特征之间的关系。参与者中 51.9%为女性，48.1%为男性，平均年龄为 56.79 岁，35.5%的参与者 PA 水平较低。低水平 PA 与心理健康脆弱、焦虑和抑郁（女性）、服用更多药物和多病共存有关。为了减少与年龄相关的残疾和发病率，人们在步入老年时保持最佳健康状态非常重要。超过三分之一的西班牙准老年人没有达到世界卫生组织推荐的 PA 水平。低水平 PA 的人服用更多药物，心理健康脆弱性更高，多病共存更多。
