Fernandez-Navarro Pablo, Aragones María Teresa, Ley Victoria
Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
PLoS One. 2018 Jan 19;13(1):e0191542. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191542. eCollection 2018.
Our aims were to describe physical activity (PA) behaviour in Spain and to examine its association with the prevalence of some of the major non-communicable diseases and with the use of prescription medication. Individualized secondary data retrieved from the 2014 European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) for Spain were used to conduct a cross-sectional epidemiological study (n = 18926). PA was assessed by two different measures: a specific designed variable for EHIS and a leisure time PA frequency-based query of the national survey. Diseases analyzed were hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, depression and anxiety. The use of prescription medication was also included in the study. Weighted percentages were computed and contingency tables were calculated to describe PA by levels of the traits and sociodemographic characteristics. Chi-square test was used to compare percentages between groups and weighted logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between PA and the prevalence of the disease. About 73% of the Spanish population performs no PA at all or only occasionally during their leisure time, and only one third meets minimum PA international guidelines (≥ 150min/week). Men are considerably more active than women and less PA is observed as the education level decreases and as age increases. The risk of the diseases evaluated was up to three times higher among inactive individuals. This study provides national population-based estimations highlighting the impact of PA in Spain, not only in the prevalence of some of the major non-communicable diseases but also in reducing prescription medication, and the potential sex and socioeconomic influence.
我们的目标是描述西班牙的身体活动（PA）行为，并研究其与一些主要非传染性疾病的患病率以及处方药使用情况之间的关联。从2014年西班牙欧洲健康访谈调查（EHIS）中检索到的个体化二手数据用于开展一项横断面流行病学研究（n = 18926）。PA通过两种不同的测量方法进行评估：一种是为EHIS专门设计的变量，另一种是基于全国调查中休闲时间PA频率的询问。分析的疾病包括高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、抑郁症和焦虑症。该研究还纳入了处方药的使用情况。计算加权百分比并计算列联表，以按特征水平和社会人口学特征描述PA。使用卡方检验比较组间百分比，并使用加权逻辑回归模型评估PA与疾病患病率之间的关系。约73%的西班牙人口在休闲时间完全不进行PA或仅偶尔进行，只有三分之一的人达到PA国际最低指南标准（≥150分钟/周）。男性的活动量明显高于女性，且随着教育水平的降低和年龄的增加，PA量减少。在不活动的个体中，所评估疾病的风险高达三倍。本研究提供了基于全国人口的估计数据，突出了PA在西班牙的影响，不仅体现在一些主要非传染性疾病的患病率方面，还体现在减少处方药使用方面，以及潜在的性别和社会经济影响。
