Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Psychiatry. 2021 Feb 2;21(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03068-7.
Seasonal migrant farmworkers in Ethiopia are a vulnerable segment of the population facing numerous threats to their mental health. This research aimed to determine the magnitude of common mental disorders (CMDs) and its associated factors among seasonal migrant farmworkers in the northwest of Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 950 seasonal migrant farmworkers were selected randomly. CMDs were assessed using the self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) and a structured questionnaire was employed to collect the associated characteristics of socio-demographic data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariable binary logistic regression. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence level was used to declare a statistically significant association with CMDs.
The prevalence of CMDs was found to be 23.05% (219/950; 95% CI 20.47-25.84) among seasonal migrant farmworkers. The prevalence of psychological stress was 74.53% (708/950; 95% CI 71.65-77.20). Having a daily income below USD 5 (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.10-2.15), moderate perceived stress (AOR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.18, 5.36), severe perceived stress (AOR = 16.15, 95% CI: 8.96, 29.11), and heat-related illness (AOR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.30) were associated with a higher likelihood of experiencing CMD. On the other hand, those seasonal migrant farmworkers who migrated for the first time (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.23-0.65) and those who received health related information (AOR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.85) were less likely to have CMDs.
In this study, CMDs were found to be prevalent among seasonal migrant farmworkers. These findings highlight the importance of systematic development of community-based mental health services in combination with rural primary health care centers and an integrated approach to the health care of farmworkers such as screening, early identification, and treatment of CMDs of seasonal migrant farmworkers.
季节性移民农民工是埃塞俄比亚人口中一个脆弱的群体，他们面临着许多心理健康威胁。本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西北部季节性移民农民工常见精神障碍（CMD）的严重程度及其相关因素。
采用横断面研究。随机选择了 950 名季节性移民农民工。使用自我报告问卷（SRQ-20）评估 CMD，并采用结构化问卷收集社会人口统计学数据的相关特征。使用描述性统计、双变量和多变量二元逻辑回归分析数据。使用调整后的优势比（AOR）和 95%置信区间来表示与 CMD 具有统计学显著关联。
发现季节性移民农民工中 CMD 的患病率为 23.05%（219/950；95%CI 20.47-25.84）。心理压力的患病率为 74.53%（708/950；95%CI 71.65-77.20）。每日收入低于 5 美元（AOR=1.53，95%CI：1.10-2.15）、中度感知压力（AOR=3.18，95%CI：1.18,5.36）、重度感知压力（AOR=16.15，95%CI：8.96,29.11）和与热有关的疾病（AOR=1.60，95%CI：1.11,2.30）与更高的 CMD 发生几率相关。另一方面，那些首次移民（AOR=0.38，95%CI：0.23-0.65）和接受健康相关信息（AOR=0.60，95%CI：0.42,0.85）的季节性移民农民工患 CMD 的可能性较小。
本研究发现，CMD 在季节性移民农民工中较为普遍。这些发现强调了在农村初级保健中心结合社区为基础的精神卫生服务系统地发展的重要性，以及对农民工进行综合医疗保健的重要性，如对季节性移民农民工进行 CMD 的筛查、早期识别和治疗。
