Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Psychiatry. 2022 May 5;22(1):322. doi: 10.1186/s12888-022-03966-4.
Common mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms are a major public health concern because it is prevalent and chronic, and its impact on physical health, psychological and economic consequences is very serious. Evidence on the prevalence and predictors of common mental disorders is very limited in Ethiopia. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors with common mental disorders.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 731 south Gondar zone residents recruited with a multistage sampling method. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews on socio-demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors. Common mental disorders (CMD) were assessed using a self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20). A-List of Threatening Experiences and the Oslo social support instruments were used to identify the factors. We used bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regressions to identify factors associated with common mental disorders. Statistical significance was declared at P-value < 0.05.
The prevalence of common mental disorders over the last four weeks was found to be 29.7% with 95% of confidence interval (CI) (26.4-33.1). After adjusting possible confounders, female sex, [AOR = 2.47, 95% CI (1.68, 3.62)], poor social support [AOR = 2.34, 95% CI (1.50, 3.64)], family history of mental illness [AOR = 2.15, (1.32-3.51)], rural resident [AOR = 2.01, 95% CI (1.35, 3.01)], current use of khat [AOR = 1.69, 95% CI (1 0.07, 2.64)] current use of tobacco (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI (1.04-2.84) and unemployment [AOR = 1.762, 95% CI; 1.193, 2.602)] were significantly associated with common mental disorders.
The prevalence of common mental disorders was high, especially in Female sex, current substance use (khat chewing (leaves) and tobacco smoking), unemployment, rural residence, family history mental illness, and poor social support are the main determinants of common mental disorders. Early detection and appropriate intervention for common mental disorders in the community level should be promoted. Governmental strategies should be focused on implementing substance rehabilitation centers to treat Khat and tobacco might be helpful to minimize the burden of CMD in Ethiopia.
抑郁、焦虑和躯体症状等常见精神障碍是一个主要的公共卫生问题，因为它们普遍存在且具有慢性特征，对身体健康、心理和经济后果的影响非常严重。在埃塞俄比亚，关于常见精神障碍的患病率和预测因素的证据非常有限。本研究旨在确定常见精神障碍的患病率和相关因素。
采用多阶段抽样方法，对南冈达尔地区的 731 名居民进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。通过面对面访谈收集社会人口学、临床和心理社会因素的数据。使用自我报告问卷 (SRQ-20) 评估常见精神障碍 (CMD)。使用威胁体验清单和奥斯陆社会支持工具来确定相关因素。我们使用双变量和多变量二元逻辑回归来确定与常见精神障碍相关的因素。统计显著性定义为 P 值<0.05。
过去四周常见精神障碍的患病率为 29.7%，置信区间为 95%（26.4-33.1）。在调整可能的混杂因素后，女性[比值比 (OR) = 2.47，95%置信区间 (CI) (1.68, 3.62)]、社会支持差[OR = 2.34，95%CI (1.50, 3.64)]、精神疾病家族史[OR = 2.15，(1.32-3.51)]、农村居民[OR = 2.01，95%CI (1.35, 3.01)]、当前使用恰特草[OR = 1.69，95%CI (1.04-2.64)]、当前使用烟草[OR = 1.71，95%CI (1.04-2.84)]和失业[OR = 1.762，95%CI；1.193, 2.602)]与常见精神障碍显著相关。
常见精神障碍的患病率较高，尤其是在女性、当前物质使用（咀嚼恰特草（叶）和吸烟）、失业、农村居民、精神疾病家族史和社会支持差等方面。常见精神障碍的主要决定因素。应在社区层面促进对常见精神障碍的早期发现和适当干预。政府的战略应侧重于实施物质康复中心，以治疗恰特草和烟草，这可能有助于减轻埃塞俄比亚常见精神障碍的负担。
