Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Dr. MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
BMC Womens Health. 2021 Feb 2;21(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s12905-021-01187-7.
It has been suggested that premenstrual syndrome (PMS) may derive from either elevated oxidative stress or reduced antioxidant vitamin levels in the body; however, these relationships have been minimally studied in a large cohort of healthy women. Our objective was to estimate the association between serum concentrations of antioxidant vitamins (A, C, and E) and markers of oxidative stress (F2-isoprostane) with symptoms and severity of PMS.
The BioCycle study was a prospective cohort study following 259 healthy premenopausal women aged 18-44 years for up to 2 menstrual cycles. Frequency/severity of 20 PMS symptoms were assessed via questionnaires 4 times/cycle, and antioxidant vitamins and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured up to 8 times/cycle to correspond with specific cycle phases. Generalized linear models were used to estimate associations between mean antioxidant concentrations and oxidative stress biomarkers with PMS symptoms and severity; linear mixed models were used to evaluate associations with symptom severity scores within groups (e.g. depression, cravings, pain).
Higher concentrations of serum antioxidant vitamins were largely not associated with prevalence or severity of PMS symptoms. Though a few associations were observed, only associations between mean γ-tocopherol and decreased odds of swelling of the hands/feet survived adjustment for multiple comparisons (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.16, 0.65, per ug/dL). However, F2-isoprostanes were associated with prevalence and severity of several symptoms specifically related to depression and cravings (depression score β = 0.07, 95% CI 0.02, 0.12, per 10 ug/dL; cravings score β = 0.16, 95% CI 0.10, 0.22, per 10 ug/dL), as well as with classification of PMS severity (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01, 1.14, per 10 pg/dL), with these associations surviving adjustment for false discovery rate.
F2-isoprostanes, but not antioxidant vitamins, were associated with select PMS symptoms, as well as symptom and severity categories. Specific symptom relationships merit further research.
有人认为经前综合征（PMS）可能源于体内氧化应激水平升高或抗氧化维生素水平降低，但这些关系在大量健康女性中很少被研究。我们的目的是评估血清抗氧化维生素（A、C 和 E）浓度与氧化应激标志物（F2-异前列腺素）与 PMS 症状和严重程度的关系。
BioCycle 研究是一项前瞻性队列研究，对 259 名年龄在 18-44 岁的健康绝经前妇女进行了长达 2 个月经周期的随访。通过问卷 4 次/周期评估 20 种 PMS 症状的频率/严重程度，并且在多达 8 次/周期测量抗氧化维生素和氧化应激生物标志物，以对应特定的周期阶段。使用广义线性模型估计平均抗氧化浓度和氧化应激生物标志物与 PMS 症状和严重程度之间的关系；使用线性混合模型评估组内症状严重程度评分（例如，抑郁、渴望、疼痛）的关系。
血清抗氧化维生素浓度较高与 PMS 症状的患病率或严重程度大多没有关系。虽然观察到一些关联，但只有血清γ-生育酚与手/脚肿胀的几率降低之间存在关联，且在经过多次比较调整后仍然存在（OR 0.33，95%CI 0.16，0.65，每 ug/dL）。然而，F2-异前列腺素与抑郁和渴望相关的几种症状的患病率和严重程度相关（抑郁评分β=0.07，95%CI 0.02，0.12，每 10 ug/dL；渴望评分β=0.16，95%CI 0.10，0.22，每 10 ug/dL），以及 PMS 严重程度的分类（OR 1.07，95%CI 1.01，1.14，每 10 pg/dL），这些关联在经过假发现率调整后仍然存在。
F2-异前列腺素而不是抗氧化维生素与特定的 PMS 症状以及症状和严重程度类别相关。特定的症状关系值得进一步研究。
